The Neognathostomata are a superorder of sea urchins.
Description and characteristics They are distinguished from other sea urchins by their irregular shape and a highly modified feeding lantern. The group includes the well known sand dollars, as well as some less familiar and extinct forms.
Taxonomy
family Apatopygidae Kier, 1962 family Archiaciidae Cotteau & Triger, 1869 † order Cassiduloida superfamily Cassidulina (Philip, 1963b) family Cassidulidae (L. Agassiz and Desor, 1847) superfamily Neolampadina (Philip, 1963b) family Neolampadidae (Lambert, 1918a) family Pliolampadidae (Kier, 1962) † order Clypeasteroida A.Agassiz, 1872 ("sand dollars") suborder Clypeasterina family Clypeasteridae L. Agassiz, 1835 family Fossulasteridae Philip & Foster, 1971 † family Scutellinoididae Irwin, 1995 † family Conoclypeidae von Zittel, 1879 † family Faujasiidae Lambert, 1905 † family Oligopygidae Duncan, 1889 † family Plesiolampadidae Lambert, 1905 † suborder Scutellina infraorder Laganiformes family Echinocyamidae Lambert & Thiéry, 1914 family Fibulariidae Gray, 1855 family Laganidae Desor, 1858 infraorder Scutelliformes family Echinarachniidae Lambert in Lambert & Thiéry, 1914 family Eoscutellidae Durham, 1955 † family Protoscutellidae Durham, 1955 † family Rotulidae Gray, 1855 superfamily Scutelloidea Gray, 1825 family Abertellidae Durham, 1955 † family Astriclypeidae Stefanini, 1912 family Dendrasteridae Lambert, 1900 family Mellitidae Stefanini, 1912 family Monophorasteridae Lahille, 1896 † family Scutasteridae Durham, 1955 † family Scutellidae Gray, 1825 family Taiwanasteridae Wang, 1984 family Scutellinidae Pomel, 1888a † family Clypeidae Lambert, 1898 † family Clypeolampadidae Kier, 1962 † order Echinolampadoida family Echinolampadidae Gray, 1851a family Nucleolitidae L. Agassiz & Desor, 1847 † family Pygaulidae Lambert, 1905 † genus Pygolampas Saucède, Dudicourt & Courville, 2012 † The name Luminacea was proposed for a subgroup containing all neognathostomates except Apatopygidae:
References