James Halyburton or Haliburton may refer to:
James Haliburton, 5th Lord Haliburton of Dirleton (died c. 1502), Lord Haliburton of Dirleton James Halyburton (reformer) (1518–1589), Scottish Protestant reformer Sir James Halyburton (fl. 1586–1617), commissioner for Forfarshire in 1617, great-nephew of the above James Halyburton (1707 MP) (died c. 1743), commissioner for Forfarshire in 1702 and Member of Parliament for Forfarshire in 1707 James Halyburton (Orkney and Shetland MP) (died 1765), British Army officer and Member of Parliament for Orkney and Shetland James Burton (property developer) (born James Haliburton, 1761–1837), British property developer James Burton (Egyptologist) (born James Haliburton, 1788–1862), British Egyptologist James Dandridge Halyburton (1803–1879), United States federal judge