Butyriboletus is a genus of fungi in the family Boletaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 2014 by mycologists David Arora and Jonathan L. Frank to accommodate "butter bolete" species that were shown by molecular analysis to be phylogenetically distinct from Boletus. Butyriboletus contains 24 ectomycorrhizal species found in Asia, Europe, North America and north Africa.
The group had earlier been classified as the section Appendiculati within the large genus Boletus. They were given the common name "butter boletes" as the color of their stalk, flesh and pores was similar to that of butter. Genetic analysis published in 2013 shows that these species are part of a regius clade (named for B. regius), distinct from the core group of the type species B. edulis and relatives within the Boletineae. The narrowing of Boletus to this latter group meant that this group would need to be placed in a separate genus, with Boletus appendiculatus (now Butyriboletus appendiculatus) designated as the type species. The genus name itself is derived from the Latin butyrum "butter".
The butter boletes have red or brown caps, yellow pores and stipes that turn blue when cut or bruised in many species, and olive-brown spindle-shaped spores. Their flesh is usually mild tasting. Butyriboletus roseoflavus is a highly regarded edible mushroom sold in markets in southwestern and southeastern China, while two other species—B. yicibus and B. sanicibus—are eaten to a lesser degree in Yunnan Province.
Species
The following species are recognized, though more may yet be described from Japan, Mexico and China.
Image Name Taxon Author YearButyriboletus abieticola (Thiers) D. Arora & J.L. Frank 2014Butyriboletus appendiculatus (Schaeff.) D. Arora & J.L. Frank 2014Butyriboletus autumniregius D. Arora & J.L. Frank 2014Butyriboletus brunneus (Peck) D. Arora & J.L. Frank 2014 Butyriboletus cepaeodoratus (Taneyama & Har. Takah.) Vizzini & Gelardi 2014Butyriboletus fechtneri (Velen.) D. Arora & J.L. Frank 2014Butyriboletus fuscoroseus (Smotl.) Vizzini & Gelardi 2014 Butyriboletus hainanensis N.K. Zeng, Zhi Q. Liang & Dong Y. An 2016Butyriboletus huangnianlaii N.K. Zeng, H. Chai & Zhi Q. Liang 2019Butyriboletus loyo (Phillippi) Mikšík 2015 Butyriboletus parachinarensis Naseer, Davoodian & Khalid 2021Butyriboletus peckii (Frost) Kuan Zhao & Zhu L. Yang 2015Butyriboletus persolidus D. Arora & J.L. Frank 2014Butyriboletus primiregius D. Arora & J.L. Frank 2014Butyriboletus pseudoregius (Heinr. Huber) D. Arora & J.L. Frank 2014 Butyriboletus pseudospeciosus Kuan Zhao & Zhu L. Yang 2016Butyriboletus pulchriceps (Both, Bessette & R. Chapm.) Kuan Zhao & Zhu L. Yang 2015Butyriboletus querciregius D. Arora & J.L. Frank 2014Butyriboletus regius (Krombh.) D. Arora & J.L. Frank 2014 Butyriboletus roseoflavus (Hai B. Li & Hai L. Wei) D. Arora & J.L. Frank 2014 Butyriboletus roseogriseus (Šutara, M. Graca, M. Kolařík, Janda & Kříž) Vizzini & Gelardi 2014Butyriboletus roseopurpureus (Both, Bessette & Roody) Kuan Zhao, G. Wu, Halling & Zhu L. Yang 2015 Butyriboletus sanicibus D. Arora & J.L. Frank 2014Butyriboletus subappendiculatus (Dermek, Lazebn. & J. Veselský) D. Arora & J.L. Frank 2014 Butyriboletus subsplendidus (W.F. Chiu) Kuan Zhao, G. Wu & Zhu L. Yang 2016Butyriboletus taughannockensis I. Safonov 2017 Butyriboletus ventricosus (Taneyama & Har. Takah.) Vizzini & Gelardi 2014 Butyriboletus yicibus D. Arora & J.L. Frank 2014
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