Melançon is a French surname which is often spelled Mélançon, Melancon or Melanson in English. Notable people with the surname include:
André Melançon (1942–2016), Canadian actor, screenwriter and film director Charlie Melançon (born 1947), U. S. representative for Louisiana Claude Mélançon (1895–1973), Canadian naturalist, lecturer and author (novelist and journalist) Gerard Melancon (born 1967), American thoroughbred jockey Isabelle Melançon, Canadian politician Joliane Melançon (born 1986), Canadian judoka Larry Melancon (1955–2021), American thoroughbred jockey Mark Melancon (born 1985), American professional baseball pitcher Meiling Melançon (born 1980), American actress, writer, director and producer Pierre-Yves Melançon, Canadian politician Robert Melançon (born 1947), Canadian writer Tucker L. Melancon (born 1946), American judge Rydell Melancon (born 1962), American football player
See also Claude-Mélançon Ecological Reserve, in Québec Melançon Arena, an indoor arena located in Saint-Jérôme, Québec Melanson