Bödeker, Böddecker, Bödecker, Boedecker, Boeddecker or Boedecker is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Henry Albert Boedeker (1872–1940), physician and early settler in British East Africa, he was notable for his mixed racial heritage. Bill Boedeker (1924–2014), American football player Ehrhardt Boedecker (1925–2016), German banker, right wing philanthropist, and benefactor of the new Stadtschloss in Berlin. Friedrich Bödeker (1867–1937), German botanist N. M. Bodecker (d. 1988), American illustrator Philipp Friedrich Böddecker (1607–1683), German court organist and composer Ralf Bödeker (born 1958), German footballer Stephan Bodecker (1384–1459), 37th Bishop of Brandenburg and a Christian Hebraist Sybille Bödecker (born 1948), German slalom canoeist