These are lists of poisonings, deliberate and accidental, in chronological order by the date of death of the victim(s). They include mass poisonings, confirmed attempted poisonings, suicides, fictional poisonings and people who are known or suspected to have killed multiple people.
Non-fiction
Fatal
Socrates (d. 399 BC), Greek philosopher; according to Plato, he was sentenced to kill himself by drinking poison hemlock Artaxerxes III (d. 338 BC), Persian king; possibly poisoned by his vizier Bagoas Artaxerxes IV (d. 336 BC), Persian king; poisoned by his vizier Bagoas Bagoas (d. 336 BC), Persian vizier and king-maker; poisoned by Darius III Roman matronas poisoned their husbands(d.331 BC). 200 of them executed.Livy: Ab Urbe condita 2nd part, 8th book chapter 18th https://archive.org/details/titiliviaburbeco01livy/page/n202/mode/1up?q=Q+fabius+maximus Demosthenes (d. 322 BC), Athenian politician Xu Pingjun (d. 71 BC), first empress of Emperor Xuan of Han. Antipater the Idumaean (d. 43 BC), father of Herod the Great Drusus Julius Caesar (d. 23), son of Tiberius Emperor Zhi of Han (d.146) Emperor Hui of Jin China (d. 304) Ali ibn Abi Talib (d. 661), fourth caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate and first of the Twelve Imams of Shia Islam Hasan ibn Ali(d.670), fifth caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate and the second of the Twelve Imams of Shia Islam. poisoned by his wife, on the orders of Mu'awiya I. Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (d. 720), eighth caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate Muhammad al-Baqir (d. 733), fifth Imam of Twelver Shia Islam; supposedly died after being given a poisoned saddle Mūsá al-Kāẓim (d. 799), seventh Imam of Twelver Shia Islam Beorhtric of Wessex (d. 802), unintentionally poisoned by his wife, Eadburh Muhammad al-Jawad (d. 835), ninth Imam of Twelver Shia Islam; supposedly poisoned by his wife on orders from the new caliph Romanus II (d. 963), Byzantine emperor of the Macedonian dynasty Alan III, Duke of Brittany (d. 1040) Constantine II of Armenia (d. 1129) Alphonse I, Count of Toulouse (d. 1148) Baldwin III of Jerusalem (d. 1162) Blanche of Bourbon (d. 1361), first wife of King Pedro of Castile Louis, Count of Gravina (d. 1362) Robert, Count of Eu (d. 1387) Ladislaus, King of Naples (d. 1414) Dmitry Shemyaka (d. 1453), Grand Duke of Moscow; poisoned with arsenic by Vasily Tyomniy's agents in Great Novgorod Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (d. 1494) Margaret Drummond (d. 1502), mistress of King James IV of Scotland Timoji (d. 1512), Hindu privateer and Portuguese ally Juan Ponce de León (d. 1521), Spanish conquistador; died after being wounded by a poisoned arrow Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky (d. 1610), Russian general and statesman Pocahontas (d.1617) while it is not known what she died from poisoning is one theory. Yamada Nagamasa (d. 1630), Japanese adventurer Marcy Clay (d. 1665), English thief and highwayrobber Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1740), ate poisonous mushrooms Johann Schobert (d. 1767), German composer; ate poisonous mushrooms believing them to be edible Swill milk scandal over 8,000 infants died in the 1850s after drinking milk containing swill Esing Bakery incident (1857) 700 people were poisoned after eating bread containing Arsenic. None died immediately but three from long-term effects 1900 English beer poisoning in 1900 over 6,000 people were poisoned by tainted beer containing contaminated sulphuric acid and arsenic causing at least 70 to die Bradford sweets poisoning (1858); 21 people died and more than 200 others became ill when confections accidentally made with arsenic trioxide were sold from a market stall in Bradford, England Charles Francis Hall (d. 1871), American Arctic explorer poisoned with arsenic by members of the Polaris expedition. Nine children killed on 28 May 1879 in Newark, Vermont after drinking from a polluted stream. Guangxu Emperor (d. 1908), Emperor of the Qing dynasty; poisoned with arsenic by unidentified persons Olive Thomas (d. 1920), American silent film actress; accidentally ingested a large dose of mercury(II) chloride Between six and eight killed and 400 became ill after eating spoiled ice cream in Meppel, Netherlands in July 1921. 9 men died at the Elks National Home in November 1923 after drinking apple cider containing Pesticide Marija Hladnik Berden (d. 1924), Slovenian teacher, organist and composer; poisoned with phosphorus supposedly by her maidservant Madge Oberholtzer (d. 1925), rape victim of Ku Klux Klan leader D.C. Stephenson; died after attempting to commit suicide with mercury(II) chloride George V (d. 1936), King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India; injected with morphine and cocaine by royal physician Bertrand Dawson in a rogue mercy killing Nestor Lakoba (d. 1936), Abkhaz Communist leader; poisoned by NKVD chief Lavrenti Beria Elixir sulfanilamide caused mass poisoning in the United States in 1937 causing 105 adults' and children's deaths Abram Slutsky (d.1938), head of Soviet spy service; poisoned with hydrogen cyanide by NKVD Nikolai Koltsov (d. 1940), Russian biologist; poisoned by NKVD secret police Erwin Rommel (d. 1944), German general; opted to commit suicide with cyanide after facing trial for his involvement in the 20 July plot Eva Hitler (née Braun) (d. 1945), wife of Adolf Hitler; committed suicide by cyanide capsule at Hitler's side The six Goebbels children (d. 1945); poisoned by their parents Magda and Joseph Goebbels, who then killed themselves by poison and gunshots shortly afterwards Heinrich Himmler (d. 1945), leader of the Nazi Schutzstaffel (SS); suicide by cyanide capsule after being captured Odilo Globocnik (d. 1945) Hermann Göring (d. 1946), leader of the Nazi Luftwaffe; suicide by cyanide capsule, long after being captured and only hours before his sentenced hanging was to take place Theodore Romzha (d. 1947), bishop of the Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church; poisoned by NKVD agents, who injected him with curare on orders from Nikita Khrushchev Alan Turing (d. 1954), British mathematician; apparently committed suicide by injecting an apple with cyanide and taking a bite, though it has also been speculated that the poisoning was accidental Muhammad Zarqtuni (d. 1954), Moroccan nationalist; swallowed a cyanide tablet while in prison Stepan Bandera (d. 1959); poisoned by a cyanide capsule shot from a gun by KGB agents 1971 Iraq poison grain disaster; at least 650 people died after eating methylmercury-treated grain intended for seeding Bandō Mitsugorō VIII (d. 1975), Japanese kabuki actor; ate four livers of fugu fish Nine killed in Denver City, Texas due to an accidental release of hydrogen sulfide. Jayanta Hazarika (d. 1977), Assamese singer and musician Georgi Markov (d. 1978), Bulgarian dissident; assassinated in London with ricin Peoples Temple members (1978); over 900 died by cyanide-laced punch at Jonestown Love Canal (up to 1978); buried toxic waste was covered and used as a building site for housing and a school in Niagara Falls, New York, resulting in claims of chronic poisoning that led to a massive environmental cleanup Sverdlovsk anthrax leak at least 68 people died on April 2nd 1979 after anthrax was accidentally released from a Soviet military research base Chicago Tylenol murders (1982) Several people aged 12 - 35 died from a potassium cyanide poisoning after consuming contaminated Tylenol capsules containing paracetamol Capsule (pharmacy) Paracetamol Bhopal disaster (1984); accidental release of poisonous gas from a pesticide plant in India that killed over 10,000 people and injured many more Vypin alcohol poisonings (1982) 77 people died after drinking liquor containing Methanol Paraquat murders (1985) 35 people were poisoned including 12 fatally after drinking beverages contaminated with Paraquat and Diquat from tampered vending machines in central and western Japan from April until November of 1985 Sinasa massacre Mangayanon Butaog, a religious leader who poisoned 69 members causing 64 to die while the other 5 spit out the poisoned gruel Butaog gave them. Matsumoto incident (1994); Sarin gas attack carried out by members of the Aum Shinrikyo group killed 8 people and injured at least 500 others Sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway (1995); attack carried out by members of the Aum Shinrikyo group killed 14 and injured 1,050 Marshall Applewhite (d. 1997) 1998 Delhi oil poisoning 60 people died in 1998 in Delhi after consuming adulterated mustard oil Hamaichi Junior High School Daifuku Mochi Incident 浜一中大福餅事件 or in English Hamaichi Junior High School Daifuku Mochi Incident occurred when over 2,000 people became ill and 44 died after contracting food poisoning Moscow theater hostage crisis (2002); to end the crisis, the Federal Security Service (FSB) pumped an undisclosed chemical agent into the building's ventilation system, killing 40 militants and 132 hostages Ibn al-Khattab (d. 2002), Sunni jihadi fighter; died from a poisoned letter sent by Russian FSB agency Koodathayi Cyanide Murders (d. 2002–2016); 6 people were allegedly killed by Jolly Joseph using potassium cyanide Roman Tsepov (d. 2004), Russian businessman; poisoned by unspecified radioactive material 2006 Ivory Coast toxic waste dump killed seventeen Alexander Litvinenko (d. 2006), Russian ex-spy and investigator; died three weeks after being poisoned by radioactive polonium-210 Zamfara State lead poisoning epidemic (2010); at least 163 people died in Zamfara State, Nigeria 2011 West Bengal alcohol poisonings 167 people died in West Bengal in December of 2011 after drinking spurious liquor mixed with Methanol Murder of Garnett Spears (2014), a boy in New York whose mother suffered from Munchausen syndrome by proxy, eventually leading her to give her son a fatal amount of table salt 2016 Punjab sweet poisoning (2016) 33 people died after consuming contaminated laddu containing pesticides Slobodan Praljak (d. 2017), former Bosnian Croat retired general in the Croatian Army and the Croatian Defence Council; upon hearing of the guilty verdict upheld in his trial for war crimes, he drank poison in the courtroom and died a few hours later Assassination of Kim Jong-nam (d. 2017), using a nerve agent at Kuala Lumpur International Airport 2017 Malawat poisoning (d. 2017) Aasia Bibi, her alleged boyfriend Muhammad Shahid and her aunt poisoned her husband's milk with rat poison. The milk was later used to make lassi which was later used in a family gathering. 17 people were fatally poisoned Dawn Sturgess (d. 2018), accidentally poisoned with the same Novichok nerve agent used in the poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal Shady Habash (d. 2020), Egyptian filmmaker; his cause of death was officially ruled as alcohol poisoning, with the prosecutor-general further elaborating that Habash had mistakenly drunk alcohol-based hand sanitizer Tribistovo poisoning (2021); carbon monoxide leak from a power generator killed eight teenagers in the New Year's Eve night
Non-fatal
Clare Boothe Luce, fell ill from arsenic poisoning in 1956 but did not die Nikolay Khokhlov, poisoned by radioactive thallium in Germany in 1957 for refusing to work as a KGB assassin Alexander Dubček, Slovak politician; survived an attempt to poison him with strontium-90 in 1968 Hafizullah Amin, second President of Afghanistan; survived a poisoning by a Soviet agent in 1979 Zhu Ling, Chinese university student poisoned with thallium in 1995 Khaled Mashal, leader of Palestinian fundamentalist organization Hamas; survived being poisoned by Israeli assassins in 1997 after two of the assassins were captured and an antidote was supplied by Israel in exchange for their release Anna Politkovskaya, Russian journalist; poisoned during a flight to Beslan in 2004 Viktor Yushchenko, Ukrainian politician; poisoned with dioxin during the 2004 Ukrainian electoral campaign Viktor Kalashnikov, Russian ex-KGB colonel; both he and his wife survived being poisoned with mercury in 2010