Harákmbut–Katukinan is a language family linking the South American indigenous language families Harákmbut and Katukinan. There is reasonably good evidence that the two are related. Glottolog does not accept it, stating that the pronouns, numerals, or bound morphology are not cognate. Jolkesky (2011) also adds Arawan to the family.Jolkesky, Marcelo. 2011. Arawá-Katukína-Harakmbet: correspondências fonológicas, morfológicas e lexicais. Encontro Internacional: Arqueologia e Linguística Histórica das Línguas Indígenas Sul-Americanas Brasília, 24 a 28 de outubro de 2011.
Family division
Harákmbut–Katukinan Harákmbut Huachipaeri (also known as Huachipaire, Wacipaire) Amarakaeri Katukinan Katukina-Kanamari (also known as Kanamarí) Katawixi (also known as Catawishi) ?Arawan
Jolkesky (2011) concludes Arawan is closer to Harákmbut than to Katukinan.
Internal branching of the Arawá-Katukína-Harakmbet family according to Jolkesky (2011):
Language contact Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with Arawakan languages due to contact.
Vocabulary The following table from Adelaar (2000) lists lexical cognates between Kanamari and Harákmbut:Adelaar, Willem F. H. 2000. Propuesta de un nuevo vínculo genético entre dos grupos lingüísticos indígenas de la Amazonía occidental: Harakmbut y Katukina. In Luis Miranda Esquerre (ed.), Actas del I Congreso de Lenguas Indígenas de Sudamérica, 219-236. Lima: Universidad Ricardo Palma, Facultad de Lenguas Modernas, Departamento Académico de Humanidades.
{| class="wikitable sortable" ! no. !! Spanish gloss(original) !! English gloss(translated) !! Kanamarí !! Harakmbut |- | 1 || casa || house || hak || hák |- | 2 || diente || tooth || i || -id |- | 3 || pie || foot || i || -iʔ |- | 4 || nariz || nose || o(h) pak || -õh |- | 5 || cabeza || head || ki || -kɨ |- | 6 || río || river || wa(h) || -wɛ̃ʰ |- | 7 || huevo || egg || takarapu || po 'objeto redondo (round object)' |- | 8 || lengua || tongue || noko || nõʔ |- | 9 || mano || hand || ba || -ᵐba |- | 10 || hoja || leaf || hakba, taroba || eʔᵐba |- | 11 || estómago || stomach || ma || wa-mẽʔ 'hígado (liver)' |- | 12 || ojo || eye || iko || -kpo |- | 13 || sangre || blood || mimi || mĩmĩ |- | 14 || barriga || belly || min || -mĩn 'intestino (intestines)' |- | 15 || brazo || arm || pan || wa-ᵐbaʔagᵑ 'omóplato (shoulderbone)' |- | 16 || jaguar || jaguar || pida(h) || apetpet |- | 17 || nombre || name || wadik || -ⁿdik |- | 18 || dentro, en || inside, in || naki || wa-ẽk 'barriga (belly)' |- | 19 || yuca || yucca || tawa 'yuca (variedad dulce) (sweet variety of yuca)' || táᵊre |- | 20 || campo cultivado || cultivated field || bao(h) || [taʔ]ᵐba |- | 21 || negro || black || tik || sik-ⁿda |- | 22 || camino || road || dan || ⁿagᵑ |- | 23 || nuevo || new || (a)boawa || -ᵐbo-ⁿda |- | 24 || palo, árbol || stick, tree || o(h)man || wẽⁱmẽⁱ |- | 25 || carne || meat || barahai || áiʔ 'hueso (bone)'; -hẽn 'carne (meat)' |- | 26 || comer || eat || pu || pe |- | 27 || venir || come || dakdyi || e-tʃiak |- | 28 || defecar || defecate || dokna || ⁿdoʔ |- | 29 || llegar; ir || arrive; go || waokdyi 'llegar' || waʔ 'ir' |- | 30 || leña || firewood || i(h)ta || ɨtaʔ |- | 31 || tobillo || ankle || itakon || itak-pi 'espinilla (shin)' (Huachipairi) |- | 32 || nube || cloud || kodo'omi || kurudⁿ |- | 33 || cielo || sky || kodoh || kɨ'rɨdⁿ |- | 34 || viejo; finado || old; dead || kidak 'ser viejo (be old)' || kʉuⁿdak 'finado (dead)' |- | 35 || quebrar, romper || break || kuruk || ketek |- | 36 || venado || deer || ba(h)tyi || ᵐbáwiʰ |- | 37 || cargar || load || ik || yʉuk |- | 38 || piel || skin || dak || -síⁿdak |- | 39 || animal || animal || bara 'caza, animal (game, animal)' || aᵐbʉuredⁿ |- | 40 || hermano || brother || aponpia || pogᵑ 'hermano mayor de la mujer (elder brother of wife)' |- | 41 || padre || father || pama || áːpagᵑ |- | 42 || madre || mother || nyama || náŋʔ |- | 43 || cabello || hair || poi || -wih 'vello (body hair)' |- | 44 || cuerpo || body || boro || ᵐboroʔ 'grande (big)' |- | 45 || soplar || blow || po(h)po(h)[man] || po |- | 46 || dormir || sleep || kitan || táⁱʔ |- | 47 || niño || boy || opu 'hijo; pequeño (son; small)' || wa-ʂí-po |- | 48 || humo || smoke || omi || oʔsĩwĩ |- | 49 || hamaca || hammock || homo || horoʔɛʔ |- | 50 || volver || return || kinhina || korʉudⁿ |- | 51 || lluvia || rain || hin || ówiʔ |- | 52 || hermana (vocativo) || sister (vocative) || miyo || mĩŋʔ |- | 53 || testículos || testicles || pada kon || wãⁿda 'fruita redonda u oblonga (round or oblong fruit)'
For a list of cognates sets by Jolkesky (2011), see the corresponding Portuguese article.
References