Fain is a French surname, and it derived from the Latin Fanum meaning 'temple'. Notable people with the surname include:
Agathon Jean François Fain (1778–1837), French historian Ben Fain (1903–1976), American bridge player Benjamin Fain (1930–2013), Israeli physicist Ferris Fain (1921–2001), American baseball player Harry Fain (1918–2007), American lawyer Holley Fain (born 1981), American actress Joe Fain (born 1980), American politician Katja Fain (born 2001), Slovenian swimmer Lisa Fain, American food writer Mark Fain, American musician Melanie Fain (born 1958), American printmaker Rhea Fain, NASCAR team owner Richard Fain (born 1968), American football player Sammy Fain (1902–1989), American composer Sarah Fain, American writer and producer Sarah Lee Fain (1888–1962), American schoolteacher and politician Shawn Fain (born 1968 or 1969), American labor leader Tim Fain, American violinist