Bothwell is a Scottish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Dorr Bothwell (1902–2000), American artist Fluff Bothwell, American football player Francis Bothwell of Edinburgh, 16th-century Scottish merchant, landowner, judge and member of the Scottish Parliament John Bothwell (bishop) (1926–2014), Canadian Anglican bishop and writer Robert Bothwell (born 1944), Canadian historian and writer