Ilanz/Glion ( ; ) is a municipality in the Surselva Region in the Swiss canton of the Grisons. On 1 January 2014 the former municipalities of Castrisch, Ilanz, Ladir, Luven, Pitasch, Riein, Ruschein, Schnaus, Sevgein, Duvin, Pigniu, Rueun, and Siat merged into the new municipality of Ilanz/Glion.Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz accessed 13 December 2014
History SettlementFirst mentionRef.DateNameCastrisch765CastricesLadirc. 850LeituraLuven765LobenePitaschc. 801–850from a 16th-century copy of the lost originalPictaui960in PictasoRiein765Renino960RaineRuschein765RuceneSchnausc. 840ScanauesSevgeinc. 840SovieneDuvinc. 840Auna1290AiunsRueunRuis until 1943765RuaneSiatSeth until 1943c. 840Septe
Ilanz Ilanz is first mentioned in 765 as Iliande. Ilanz became the capital of the newly formed Grey League in 1395. The Grey League was the second of Three Leagues which eventually formed canton Grisons. Johannes von Ilanz, the Abbott of Disentis, was among the three nobles instrumental in creating this "eternal alliance."
Ilanz has a special place in the history of the Protestant Reformation. In the 1520s, the Diet of Ilanz declared that citizens of the Three Leagues should be free to choose between Catholicism and the Protestant forms of Christianity rising to the fore. These and other events resulted in a counter-reformation within the Swiss Confederation that reversed many of the gains of the Reformation in Switzerland.Durant, Will, The Reformation, A History of European Civilization from Wyclif to Calvin: 1300-1564, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, 403-414.
Pigniu Pigniu was probably settled from Andiast. The name Pingyow first appears in 1403. The German name Panix is first mentioned in 1522. Until 1984 Pigniu was known as Pigniu/Panix.
The Church of St. Valentin was dedicated in 1465 and was a popular goal of pilgrimages. Until 1667, Pigniu had its parish.
On 7 October 1799, the Russian Army under command of Field Marshal Suvorov crossed the Pigniu pass.
Geography The former municipalities that now makeup Ilanz/Glion have a total combined area of .
Demographics The total population of Ilanz/Glion () is .
The historical population is given in the following chart:Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850-2000 accessed 29 January 2011
Weather Ilanz has an average of 112.6 days of rain per year and on average receives of precipitation. The wettest month is August during which time Ilanz receives an average of of precipitation. During this month there is precipitation for an average of 11.4 days. The month with the most days of precipitation is June, with an average of 11.5, but with only of precipitation. The driest month of the year is October with an average of of precipitation over 11.4 days., the weather station elevation is 705 meters above sea level.
Pigniu has an average of 166.3 days of rain or snow per year and on average receives of precipitation. The wettest month is August during which time Pigniu receives an average of of rain or snow. During this month there is precipitation for an average of 16 days. The month with the most days of precipitation is May, with an average of 16.6, but with only of rain or snow. The driest month of the year is October with an average of of precipitation over 16 days., the weather station elevation is 1325 meters above sea level.
Sights
The village Church of St. Zeno in Ladir was first mentioned in 998. The choir wall paintings are worth seeing. Additionally, the municipality has an excellent view of the surrounding mountains and valleys. The ruins of Grüneck Castle (Ruine Grüneck), destroyed before 1544, are visible today in Ilanz village.
Heritage sites of national significance The Church of S. Margreta and the Church of S. Martin in Ilanz along with the Swiss Reformed Church building in Pitasch are listed as Swiss heritage sites of national significance.Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance 21.11.2008 version, accessed 10-Nov-2009
The Reformed Church in Pitasch was built in the mid-12th century into its current form. The church floorplan is a single nave church with a single half-round apse. The interior murals date to about 1420, and on the exterior south wall is a mural of St. Martin and St. Christopher from the studio of the unknown Waltensburg Master which was painted about 1340.
Other sites The ruins of Grüneck Castle (Ruine Grüneck), destroyed before 1544, are visible today. A Carolingian hoard of two ornately decorated salt containers and coins was discovered near the ruins of the castle in 1811. One of the containers, which is made from antler and T-shaped, is now kept in the British Museum.British Museum Collection A hoard of forty Carolingian gold coins, including nine denier, known as the Ilanz Hoard was discovered near the castle in 1904. In addition to the Carolingian coins, the horde contained Lombard and Arab coins. About 142 coins from discoveries near the castle are kept at the Rätisches Museum in Chur.
Transportation
The municipality has three railway stations: , , and . All three are located on the Reichenau-Tamins–Disentis/Mustér line with regular service to and .
References
External links