The () is an heraldic crown introduced in Germany after World War I. When the German monarchies were abolished following the defeat in the war, this was created as a "republican" crown to replace the old crowns and coronets of rank in the arms of the German Länder, the states of the German federal republic.Gert Oswald: Lexikon der Heraldik, Bibliographiches Institut/Meyers Lexikonverlag, Mannheim/Wien/Zürich 1984, , p. 410 (online version)Harry D. Schurdel: Flaggen & Wappen Deutschland, Battenberg Verlag, Augsburg 1995, , pp. 97, 105, 138, 165 As designed by the German heraldic authority Otto Hupp in 1919, the crown, also known as a (leaf crown), consists of five vine leaves on a jewelled rim.Otto Hupp: "Zu den neuen Staatswappen". In: Wider die Schwarmgeister! Dritter Teil. München 1919. pp. 3 ff.Otto Hupp: Bayerische Staatszeitung. 2 March 1919. p. 3. During the Weimar Republic all of the German states adopted versions of the Volkskrone. After World War II only Baden-Württemberg,Beteiligungsportal.baden-wuerttemberg.de: Gesetz über das Wappen des Landes Baden-Württemberg (WappG) Vom 3. Mai 1954: "Im kleinen Landeswappen ruht auf dem Schild eine Blattkrone (Volkskrone)." Bavaria, Hesse and Rhineland-Palatinate chose to retain its use, while Berlin combined it with a mural crown.
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