Eulenburg is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Albert Eulenburg (1840–1917), German neurologist Botho zu Eulenburg (1831–1912), Prussian statesman August zu Eulenburg (1838–1921), Marshal of the Royal Court of Prussia Friedrich Albrecht zu Eulenburg (1815–1881), Prussian diplomat and politician Hedda Eulenberg (1876–1960), German translator Herbert Eulenberg (1876–1949), German writer Botho Sigwart zu Eulenburg (1884–1915), German composer Friedrich Wend zu Eulenburg (1881–1963), German prince and landowner Philipp, Prince of Eulenburg (1847–1921), German diplomat and friend of Wilhelm II, German Emperor