Zwanziger is a German, Austrian, and Ashkenazi Jewish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Anna Maria Zwanziger (1760–1811), German serial killer
Gustav Adolf Zwanziger (1837–1893), Austrian journalist, botanist, and paleobotanist (born 1935), American theoretical physicist Theo Zwanziger (born 1945), German lawyer and sports official Ron Zwanziger (born 1954), American entrepreneur