Avshalomov (masculine, ) or Avshalomova (feminine, ) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Aaron Avshalomov (1894–1965), Russian composer Hizgil Avshalumov (1913–2001), Soviet novelist, poet and playwright. Jacob Avshalomov (1919–2013), American composer and conductor David Avshalomov (1946-), American classical composer, vocalist, and conductor.