Lake County is a county located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 68,163. The county seat is Lakeport. The county takes its name from Clear Lake, the dominant geographic feature in the county and the largest non-extinct natural lake wholly within California. (Lake Tahoe is partially in Nevada; the Salton Sea was formed by flooding; Tulare Lake was drained by the agricultural industry.)
Lake County forms the Clearlake, California micropolitan statistical area. Clearlake, CA Micropolitan Statistical Area It is directly north of the San Francisco Bay Area.
Lake County is part of California's Wine Country, which also includes Napa, Sonoma, and Mendocino counties. It includes nine American Viticultural Areas and around 20 bonded wineries.
History Lake County has been inhabited by Pomo Native Americans for over ten thousand years. Pomos had been fishermen and hunters, known especially for their intricate basketry made from lakeshore tules and other native plants and feathers. Pomo people continue to live in Lake County.
The area had European American settlers since at least the 1840s. Lake County was created in 1861 from parts of Napa and Mendocino counties. The eastern boundary of Lake County, which was not clearly specified in the 1861 act, was clarified by legislative acts passed in 1864 and 1868. A major effect of the 1868 act was to include in Lake County the entire watershed of North Fork Cache Creek, which had previously been claimed by Colusa County.
The 1911 California Blue Book lists the major crops as Bartlett pears and beans. Other crops include grain, alfalfa, hay, prunes, peaches, apples, grapes and walnuts. Stockraising included goats, hogs, turkeys and dairying.
Some vineyards were planted in the 1870s by European Americans, but the first in the state were established in the 18th century by Spanish missionaries. By the early 20th century, the area was earning a reputation for producing some of the world's greatest wines. However, in 1920, national prohibition essentially ended Lake County's wine production. With authorized cultivation limited to sacramental purposes, most of the vineyards were ripped out and replanted with walnut and pear orchards.
Geography According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and , or 5.5%, is water. Two main watercourses drain the county: Cache Creek, which is the outlet of Clear Lake; and Putah Creek. Both of these flow to the Sacramento River. The main streams which flow into Clear Lake are Forbes Creek, Scotts Creek, Middle Creek, and Kelsey Creek. At the extreme north of the county Lake Pillsbury and the Van Arsdale Reservoir dam the Eel River, providing water and power to Ukiah in Mendocino County.
Clear Lake is believed to be the oldest warmwater lake in North America, due to a geological fluke. The lake sits on a huge block of stone which slowly tilts in the northern direction at the same rate as the lake fills in with sediment, thus keeping the water at roughly the same depth. The geology of the county is chaotic, being based on Franciscan Assemblage hills. Numerous small faults are present in the south end of the lake as well as many old volcanoes, the largest being Cobb Mountain. The geologic history of the county shows events of great violence, such as the eruption of Mount Konocti and Mount St. Helena and the collapse of Cow Mountain, which created the hills around the county seat of Lakeport. Blue Lakes, Lake Pillsbury, and Indian Valley Reservoir are the county's other major bodies of water.
Lake County has habitats for a variety of species of concern including the uncommon herb, Legenere limosa, the rare Eryngium constancei, and the tule elk. Waterfowl, bear, and other wildlife abound in the Clear Lake basin.
Due to its surrounding hilly terrain, Lake County is the only one of California's 58 counties never to have been served by a railroad line.
Adjacent counties Glenn County - northeast Colusa County - east Yolo County - southeast Napa County - southeast Sonoma County - southwest Mendocino County - west
National protected areas Mendocino National Forest (part) Cow Mountain Recreation Area Cache Creek Wilderness and Cache Creek Wildlife Area
In 2015, President Barack Obama created the Berryessa Snow Mountain National Monument, incorporating these and other areas.
State protected areas Boggs Mountain Demonstration State Forest Anderson Marsh State Historic Park Loch Lomond Vernal Pool Ecological Reserve Boggs Lake Ecological Reserve Clear Lake State Park Rodman Slough Preserve
Mineral springs In the late 19th century, the worldwide popularity of mineral water for the relief of myriad physical ailments resulted in the development of mineral resorts around Clear Lake. Greene Bartlett discovered Bartlett hot springs in 1870. The springs were developed into a resort and by 1900 included a mineral water bottling plant. The resort burned down in 1934. Harbin Hot Springs was developed by settlers in the 1860s and burned to the ground in the Valley Fire of 2015. The resort partially reopened in January 2019, including the main pools and sauna, and a limited cafeteria service.https://www.sfgate.com/weather/article/Harbin-Hot-Springs-opening-pools-reservations-fire-13535539.php Clothing optional resort Harbin Hot Springs reopens its pools 3 years after wildfire Highland Springs opened in 1891 and was destroyed by fire in 1945. During its time, Highland had an elegant dining room and a spacious hotel. Saratoga Springs Resort was opened by J. J. Liebert in 1873 with several cabins, and within two decades had room for 350 guests. Witter Springs Resort opened in 1873 with a hotel and guest cottages.
Climate Lake County has a Mediterranean climate with hot summer daytime temperatures in its lower elevations. Nighttime temperatures remain cool year-round, somewhat moderating average temperatures and relieving the summer heat.
Air quality Lake County has been ranked by the American Lung Association as having the cleanest air in the nation, including in 2013, 2014 and 2015. Lake County has also been ranked 24 times as having the cleanest air in California. Currently, the American Lung Association's website gives Lake County air a "C" grade for high ozone days and an "A" grade for particle pollution.
Demographics
2020 census As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 68,163. The median age was 45.0 years. 20.7% of residents were under the age of 18 and 22.7% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 102.5 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 102.2 males age 18 and over.
The racial makeup of the county was 68.7% White, 1.8% Black or African American, 3.5% American Indian and Alaska Native, 1.5% Asian, 0.2% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 11.3% from some other race, and 13.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 22.7% of the population.
59.2% of residents lived in urban areas, while 40.8% lived in rural areas.
There were 27,622 households in the county, of which 26.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them and 27.0% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. About 30.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.
There were 34,220 housing units, of which 19.3% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 67.5% were owner-occupied and 32.5% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.2% and the rental vacancy rate was 5.7%.
Racial and ethnic demographics +Lake County, California – Racial and ethnic compositionRace / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic)Pop 1980Pop 1990Pop 2000Pop 2010 Pop 2020% 1980% 1990% 2000% 2010% 2020White alone (NH)33,07144,60346,93347,93844,20290.94%88.09%80.49%74.13%64.85%Black or African American alone (NH)3489241,2091,1861,1580.96%1.82%2.07%1.83%1.70%Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)8069981,4131,5301,7372.22%1.97%2.42%2.37%2.55%Asian alone (NH)1914314686959400.53%0.85%0.80%1.07%1.38%Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH)x included in the Asian category in the 1980 Censusx included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census8297890.14%0.15%0.14%0.15%0.13%Other race alone (NH)6842521073860.19%0.08%0.09%0.17%0.57%Mixed race or Multiracial (NH)x not an option in the 1980 Censusx not an option in the 1990 Census1,5132,0244,209xx2.59%3.13%6.17%Hispanic or Latino (any race)1,8823,6336,63911,08815,4425.18%7.18%11.39%17.15%22.65%Total36,36650,63158,30964,66568,163 100.00%100.00%100.00%100.00%100.00%
2010 census The 2010 United States census reported that Lake County had a population of 64,665. The racial makeup of Lake County was 52,033 (80.5%) White, 1,232 (1.9%) African American, 2,049 (3.2%) Native American, 724 (1.1%) Asian, 108 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 5,455 (8.4%) from other races, and 3,064 (4.7%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11,088 persons (17.1%).
Population reported at 2010 United States census The County TotalPopulationWhite AfricanAmerican NativeAmerican Asian PacificIslander otherraces two ormore races Hispanicor Latino(of any race) Lake County 64,665 52,033 1,232 2,049 724 108 5,455 3,064 11,088 Incorporatedcity TotalPopulationWhite AfricanAmerican NativeAmerican Asian PacificIslander otherraces two ormore races Hispanicor Latino(of any race) Clearlake 15,250 11,262 614 400 161 27 1,805 981 3,248 Lakeport 4,753 3,932 46 147 99 5 337 187 799 Census-designatedplace TotalPopulationWhite AfricanAmerican NativeAmerican Asian PacificIslander otherraces two ormore races Hispanicor Latino(of any race) Clearlake Oaks 2,359 2,054 54 45 34 1 60 111 192 Clearlake Riviera 3,090 2,641 36 75 40 5 167 126 424 Cobb 1,778 1,625 14 31 13 1 26 68 113 Hidden Valley Lake 5,579 4,830 63 80 75 12 326 193 733 Kelseyville 3,353 2,213 22 51 32 2 888 145 1,337 Lower Lake 1,294 1,031 20 18 13 1 125 86 219 Lucerne 3,067 2,581 60 105 26 9 94 192 367 Middletown 1,323 985 5 28 18 0 225 62 413 Nice 2,731 2,187 65 159 42 7 123 148 384 North Lakeport 3,314 2,685 28 126 40 4 271 160 571 Soda Bay 1,016 843 16 14 12 0 102 29 171 Spring Valley 845 766 15 10 6 3 24 21 71 Upper Lake 1,052 842 7 33 7 0 104 59 242 Otherunincorporated areas TotalPopulationWhite AfricanAmerican NativeAmerican Asian PacificIslander otherraces two ormore races Hispanicor Latino(of any race) All others not CDPs (combined) 13,861 11,556 167 727 106 31 778 496 1,804
2005 There were a total of 34,031 homes in Lake County in 2005. This county has gone through a growth in housing units, adding a sum of 1,414 residential structures since 2001, a change of 4.3 percent. Lake County ranks 978 of 3,141, compared to change in residential structure growth in counties throughout the Unities States.
Lake County had a median home value in the year 2005 of $255,300, according to the American Community Survey. This median is less than the overall California 2005 home median value of $477,700 and greater than median home value of $167,500 for the rest of the nation in that year. In 2005, the American Community Survey reported that 14.4% of Lake County's owner-occupied dwellings are valued over a half a million dollars.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 24.1% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 23.6% from 25 to 44, 26.8% from 45 to 64, and 19.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 97.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.7 males.