King Street is one of the most important thoroughfares of Manchester city centre, England. For much of the 20th century it was the centre of the north-west banking industry but it has become progressively dominated by upmarket retail instead of large banks.
History King Street began in the 18th century at the Spring Gardens end when the Jacobite party in the town created James's Square and to the west of it a fine street. Beyond what is now Cross Street it was much narrower and one 18th-century building remains (a former District Bank). Further west beyond Deansgate is King Street West on a different alignment. By the 1970s, there was a clear demarcation between the eastern section of mainly financial and office buildings and the narrower section to the west a mostly upmarket shopping street (later pedestrianised). Subsequently, the eastern section had the monumental National Westminster Bank offices built at no. 55 and some years later further changes increasingly brought more upmarket retail. In 2008, the grand Midland Bank building of Edwin Lutyens was vacated by HSBC Bank.
Old Town Hall Manchester's original civic administration (a commission of police) was housed in the Police Office on King Street from 1772; it was near the junction with Deansgate and Police Street is so called because of it.Bradshaw, L. D. (1985) Origins of Street Names in the City Centre of Manchester. Radcliffe: Neil Richardson; pp. 39-40 It was replaced by the first Town Hall, to accommodate the growing local government and its civic assembly rooms. The Town Hall, also located on King Street at the corner of Cross Street, was designed by Francis Goodwin and constructed during 1822–25, much of it by David Bellhouse. The building was designed in the Grecian style and Goodwin was strongly influenced by his patron John Soane. As the size and wealth of the city grew, largely as a result of the textile industry, its administration outstripped the existing facilities and a new building was proposed. The King Street building was subsequently occupied by a public library and then Lloyds Bank. The façade was removed to Heaton Park in 1912, when the current building was erected on the site (53 King Street).
Notable buildings Many notable buildings survive and are preserved in a conservation area. On King Street there are 18 buildings listed at Grade II, one at Grade II* and one at Grade I; on King Street West is one at Grade II and on South King Street nearby one more at Grade II.City Planning Department (1985) Manchester's Architectural Heritage. Manchester: City Council
Address Image Year Grade Notes 15–17 King Street 1902 19 King Street 28 King Street Old Exchange,29–31 King Street 1897 30 King Street 31–33 King Street West 1840 33 King Street 35–37 King Street 1736 Georgian house, became Loyd Entwisle's bank in 1788.Continued under various names until incorporated intothe National Westminster Bank; in the 1990s it closedand was converted into a shop. Nicholls, Robert (2004) Curiosities of Greater Manchester. Stroud: Sutton; ; p. 188 41 South King Street 48 King Street Former Lloyds Bank,53 King Street 1913–15 Later Lloyds TSB, now a restaurant.Designed by Charles Heathcote. 54–56 King Street 62 King Street 1874 Pall Mall Court,67 King Street 1969 Former Northern RockBuilding Society,74 King Street 1896 Designed by Heathcote and Rawle. Prudential Assurance Office,76–80 King Street 1888 Designed by Alfred Waterhouse. Manchester Reform Club,81 King Street 1870 Designed by Edward Salomons. Former Bank of England,82 King Street 1846 Designed by C.R. Cockerell. 84–86 King Street Former National and Provincial Building Society. Ship Canal House,88–96 King Street 1927 Headquarters of the Manchester Ship Canal.Designed by Harry S. Fairhurst. Atlas Chambers,98 King Street 1929 Designed by Fairhurst and Michael Waterhouse. 100 King Street 1929 Formerly the Midland Bank (HSBC).Designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens.
Shopping area King Street (along with Bridge Street) is considered Manchester's most upmarket shopping area; it has included the Manchester branches of Hermès, Whistles, Gant, Karen Millen, King Street Grooming, Emporio Armani, DKNY, Diesel, Timberland, Calvin Klein Jeans, Polo Ralph Lauren, Max Mara, T. M. Lewin, Jaeger, Cecil Gee, Agent Provocateur, Mulberry, Thomas Pink, Crombie. (However some of these are on Bridge Street to the south of King Street West.)
The part west of Cross Street was already a shopping street in the early 20th century.
Roger Oldham's 1906 Manchester Alphabet booklet includes the following lines:
See also List of streets in Manchester
References
External links
Listed buildings in Manchester by street (K) Downloadable map of the Conservation area King Street Manchester corporate website