Topografov virus is an enveloped, negative-sense RNA virus of the genus Orthohantavirus in the Bunyavirales order. It is the first hantavirus to be isolated from Siberian lemmings (Lemmus sibiricus) found near the Topografov River in the Taymyr Peninsula, Siberia.Plyusnin A, Vapalahti O, Lundkvist Å, Henttonen H, Vaheri A. Newly recognized hantavirus in Siberian lemmings. Lancet. 1996;347:1835–1836.Olli Vapalahti., Åke Lundkvist, Vadim Fedorov, et al. Isolation and Characterization of a Hantavirus from Lemmus sibiricus: Evidence for Host Switch during Hantavirus Evolution. J Virol. 1999 July; 73(7): 5586–5592
Virology
Hantaviruses have been shown to evolve with their hosts. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that Topografov virus is related to Khabarovsk virus and Puumala virus. This close relationship is believed to be due to a rodent host switch that took place at some point their respective evolutions. Plyusnin A, Vapalahti O, Vaheri A. Hantaviruses: genome structure, expression and evolution. J Gen Virol. 1996;77:2677–2687. Topografov virus and Khabarovsk virus are believed to have a common ancestor, possibly from a Microtus species that lived over 1 million years ago.Modi W S. Phylogenetic history of LINE-1 among arvicolid rodents. Mol Biol Evol. 1996;13:633–641.Van Regenmortel M H V, Bishop D H L, Fauquet C M, Mayo M A, Maniloff J, Calisher C H. Guidelines to the demarcation of virus species. Arch Virol. 1997;142:1505–1528.
This host switch has been known to occur only once before in white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) in North America.Morzunov S P, Rowe J E, Ksiazek T G, Peters C J, St. Jeor S C, Nichol S T. Genetic analysis of the diversity and origin of hantaviruses in Peromyscus leucopus mice in North America. J Virol. 1998;72:57–64.Plyusnin A, Vapalahti O, Vaheri A. Hantaviruses: genome structure, expression and evolution. J Gen Virol. 1996;77:2677–2687.
See also Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome Imjin virus
References
External links
CDC's Hantavirus Technical Information Index page Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Hantaviridae