Taemasosteus is an extinct genus of arthrodire placoderm. Its fossils have been found in Emsian-aged marine strata in the Murrumbidgee Group in New South Wales, Australia.White, E. I. (1952). Australian arthrodires. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology, 1, 249–304. It contains two species, T. novaustrocambricus, and T. maclartiensis.Long, John. (1984). New placoderm fishes from the Early Devonian Buchan Group, eastern Victoria. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 96. 173–186.
The genus (and a monotypic family, "Taemasosteidae") was originally erected on the basis of "an imperfect" left paranuchal plate, though more specimens were found, eventually leading "Taemasosteidae" to be subsumed into Buchanosteidae.White, Errol I. (1978). The larger arthrodiran fishes from the area of the Burrinjuck Dam, N.S.W. The Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 34, 149–262.
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