Tanui is a surname of Kenyan origin that may refer to:
Elisha Tanui (born 1983), Kenyan ultrarunner Moses Tanui (born 1965), Kenyan long-distance runner and 1991 world champion Paul Tanui (born 1990), Kenyan long-distance runner and 2011 World Cross Country runner-up William Tanui (born 1964), Kenyan middle-distance runner and 1992 Olympic champion William Biwott Tanui (born 1990), Kenyan runner competing as İlham Tanui Özbilen
See also Kiptanui, name meaning "son of Tanui"