Piłsudski (feminine: Piłsudska, plural: Piłsudscy) is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Adam Piłsudski (1869–1935), Polish politician Aleksandra Piłsudska (1882–1963), Polish socialist and independence activist Bronisław Piłsudski (1866–1918) Polish ethnographer Jadwiga Piłsudska (1920–2014), Polish pilot Jan Piłsudski (1876–1950), Polish politician, lawyer Józef Piłsudski (1867–1935), Polish politician, military leader, marshal and Chief of State Maria Piłsudska (1865–1921), Polish socialist and independence activist Wanda Piłsudska (1918–2001), Polish psychiatrist