Olcott is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Ben W. Olcott (1872–1952), American politician from Oregon Charles S. Olcott (1864–1935), American non-fiction writer Chauncey Olcott (1858–1932), American stage actor and songwriter Frederic P. Olcott (1841–1909), American banker and politician Henry Steel Olcott (1832–1907), co-founder of the Theosophical Society J. Van Vechten Olcott (1856–1940), American politician James B. Olcott (1830–1910), American farmer and agronomist Martha Brill Olcott (born 1949), American expert on Central Asian and the Caspian Mike Olcott, American politician Sidney Olcott (1873–1949), Canadian film producer, director, actor and screenwriter Simeon Olcott (1735–1815), American politician William J. Olcott (1862–1935), American mining engineer and executive William M. K. Olcott (1862–1933), American lawyer and politician from New York William Tyler Olcott (1873–1936), American lawyer and amateur astronomer