This is a list of commercially available battery types summarizing some of their characteristics for ready comparison.

Common characteristics

This table lists characteristics common to both single use (primary) and rechargeable (secondary) batteries.

Cell chemistryAlso known asElectrodeRe­charge­ableCom­mercial­izedVoltageEnergy densitySpecific powerCostSelf-discharge rateShelf lifeAnodeElectro­lyteCathode Cutoff Nominal 100% SOC by mass by volumeyearVVVMJ/kg (Wh/kg)MJ/L (Wh/L)W/kgWh/$ ($/kWh)%/monthyears Lead–acid SLAVRLAPbAc LeadH2SO4 Lead dioxide 1881 1.75 2.1 2.23–2.32 80-200 3–20 Zinc–carbon Carbon–zinc ZincNH4Cl Manganese (IV) oxide 1898 0.75–0.9 1.5 10–27 0.32 3–5 Zinc–air PRKOH Oxygen 1932 0.9 1.45–1.65 100 0.17 3 Mercury oxide–zinc Mercuric oxideMercury cellNaOH/ KOH Mercuric oxide 1942– 1996 0.9 1.35 Alkaline Zn/LRKOH Manganese (IV) oxide 1949 0.9 1.5 1.6 50 0.17 5–10 Rechargeable alkaline RAM KOH 1992 0.9 1.57 1.6 <1 Silver-oxide SRNaOH/ KOH Silver oxide 1960 1.2 1.55 1.6 Nickel–zinc NiZnKOH Nickel oxide hydroxide 2009 0.9 1.65 1.85 13 Nickel–iron NiFe IronKOH 1901 0.75 1.2 1.65 100 20–30 30– 50 Nickel–cadmium NiCdNiCad CadmiumKOH c. 1960 0.9–1.05 1.2 1.3 150–200 10 Nickel–hydrogen HydrogenKOH 1975 1.0 1.55 150–200 5 Nickel–metal hydride NiMHNi-MH Metal hydrideKOH 1990 0.9–1.05 1.2 1.3 250–1,00030 Low self-discharge nickel–metal hydride LSD NiMH 2005 0.9–1.05 1.2 1.3 250–1,000 Lithium–manganese dioxide LithiumCRLi-Mn Lithium Manganese dioxide 1976 2 3 250–400 1 5–10 Lithium–carbon monofluoride BR Carbon monofluoride 1976 2 3 50–80 0.2–0.3 15 Lithium–iron disulfide FR Iron disulfide 1989 0.9 1.5 1.8 10-20 Lithium–titanate LTO Lithium manganese oxide or Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide 2008 1.6–1.8 2.3–2.4 2.8 3,000– 5,100 2–5 10–20 Lithium cobalt oxide ICRLCOLi‑cobalt GraphiteLiPF6/ LiBF4/ LiClO4 Lithium cobalt oxide 1991 2.5 3.7 4.2 Lithium iron phosphate IFRLFPLi‑phosphate Lithium iron phosphate 1996 2 3.2 3.65 200–1,2007.2 (139) 4.5 20 years Lithium manganese oxide IMRLMOLi‑manganese Lithium manganese oxide 1999 2.5 3.9 4.2 Lithium nickel cobalt aluminium oxides NCANCRLi‑aluminium Lithium nickel cobalt aluminium oxide 1999 3.0 3.6 4.3 Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide INRNMCNCM Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide 2008 2.5 3.6 4.2 Cost in inflation-adjusted USD.

Typical. See for alternative electrode materials.

Table References

": A Novel Cathode Material for Rechargeable Batteries", A.K. Padhi, K.S. Nanjundaswamy, J.B. Goodenough, Electrochemical Society Meeting Abstracts, 96-1, May, 1996, pp 73

Rechargeable characteristics This is a table of characteristics common to rechargeable batteries.

Cycle life can be significantly affected by factors such as the ambient temperature and charge/discharge rate. For the purposes of this table, typical conditions are assumed.

Cell chemistry Round-trip efficiencyCycle durability at varying depth of discharge (DoD) cycles%100% DoD70-90% DoD40-60% DoD<40% DoD Lead–acid 50–92 50–100150–250 @ 70% DoD300–500 @ 50% DoD>800 @ 30% DoD Rechargeable alkaline 5–100 Nickel–zinc 100 to 50% capacity Nickel–iron 65–80 5,000 Nickel–cadmium 70–90 500 Nickel–hydrogen 85 20,000 Nickel–metal hydride 66 300–800 Low self-discharge nickel–metal hydride battery 500–1,500 Lithium cobalt oxide 90 500–1,000 Lithium–titanate 85–90 >13,000 ≫20,000 @ 80% DoD >60,000 @ 60% DoD Lithium iron phosphate 90 ≥2,000 @ 80% DoD 3,500–>9,000 @ 50% DoD >10,000 @ 20% DoD Lithium manganese oxide 90 300–700

Table References

electricrider.com: Lithium Batteries Citat: Citat: "...The cycle life of sealed lead-acid is directly related to the depth of discharge. The typical number of discharge/charge cycles at with respect to the depth of discharge is: * 50–100 cycles with 100% depth of discharge (full discharge) * 150–250 cycles with 70% depth of discharge (deep discharge) * 300–500 cycles with 50% depth of discharge (partial discharge) * 800 and more cycles with 30% depth of discharge (shallow discharge)..."

Thermal runaway Under certain conditions, some battery chemistries are at risk of thermal runaway, leading to cell rupture or combustion. As thermal runaway is determined not only by cell chemistry but also cell size, cell design and charge, only the worst-case values are reflected here. Cell chemistry OverchargeOverheat Onset Onset Runaway PeakSOC%°C°C°C/min Lithium cobalt oxide 150 165 190 440 Lithium iron phosphate 100 220 240 21 Lithium manganese oxide 110 210 240 100+ Lithium nickel cobalt aluminium oxide 125 140 195 260 Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide 170 160 230 100+

Table References

See also Battery nomenclature Experimental rechargeable battery types Aluminium battery List of battery sizes List of battery types Search for the Super Battery (2017 PBS film)

References