Barzel is a Hebrew surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Amnon Barzel (1935–2025), Israeli art curator and writer Ann Barzel (1905–2007), American writer, critic and dance lecturer Baruch Barzel (born 1976), Israeli physicist and mathematician Helga Henselder-Barzel (1940–1995), German political scientist Rainer Barzel (1924–2006), German politician Yoram Barzel (1931–2022), American-Israeli economist