José María Caro is the name of:
People: José María Caro Martínez (1830–1916), Mayor of Pichilemu, Chile; and his son José María Caro Rodríguez (1866–1958), Chilean Cardinal
Places: Población José María Caro, a slum in Santiago, Chile named after the cardinal
Other: José María Caro Criminal Investigation Brigade (Brigada de Investigación Criminal José María Caro) of the Investigations Police of Chile