The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Herat, Afghanistan.
Prior to 15th century
500 BCE - Persian town in Aria established (approximate date). 330 BCE - Artacoana captured by Alexander III of Macedon. 167 BCE - Town becomes part of the Parthian Empire. 127 BCE - Town becomes part of the Kushan Empire 642 CE - Siege of Herat; Arabs in power. 1042 - City besieged by Seljuq Tughril. 1064 - Alp Arslan in power. 1102 - Earthquake. 1157 - The city was destroyed by an irruption of the Ghuzz, the predecessors of the modern Turkomans. 1163 - Bobrinski Bucket produced in Herat. 1175 - Ghurids in power. 1197 - Conflict between blacksmiths' and coppersmiths' bazaars. 1201 - Construction of new Friday Mosque begins. 1221 - City sacked by Mongols. 1244 - Shams al-Din Kurt in power. 1300 - Herat Citadel reinforced. 1364 - Earthquake. 1380 - City taken by forces of Timur.
15th-19th centuries 1405 - Capital of Timurid dynasty relocated to Herat from Samarkand. 1410 - "Bazaars reconstructed." 1425 - Tomb of Khwaja 'Abd Allah Ansari built at Gazurgah (near city). 1438 - Gawhar Shad Mausoleum built. 1448 - Siege of Herat (1448). 1460s - "Royal Canal" built. 1469 - Sultan Husayn Mirza Bayqarah in power. 1482 - Ikhlasiyya (educational and charitable complex) built outside city (approximate date). 1500 - Friday Mosque rebuilt. 1507 - Uzbek Muhammad Shaybani in power. 1510 - City taken by Safavid Shah Ismail; Shamlu Turkomans in power. 1528 - Safavid Shah Tahmasp in power. 1716 - Abdali Afghan revolt. 1729 - Nader Shah in power. 1732 - Afghan revolt suppressed. 1750 - City becomes part of the Durrani Empire. 1801 - City becomes independent. 1807 July–August: City is besieged by Iran. 1818 April: City incorporated into the Durrani Empire. Later that year the Durranis are kicked out of most of Afghanistan, Herat becomes their last stronghold. 1837 23 November: Siege of Herat by Persian forces begins. 1842 Early 1842: Yar Muhammad Khan Alakozai deposes Kamran Shah and becomes the new ruler. 1851 June 11: Sa'id Muhammad Khan in power. 1852 March–May: City is briefly occupied by the Persians. 1855 September 15: Muhammad Yusuf in power. 1856 April: Persian siege of Herat begins. October 25: Persians take the city of Herat. 1857 September: Persian control of city ends per Treaty of Paris; Sultan Jan installed as ruler of Herat. 1862 27 July: City is besieged by the Muhammadzais. 1863 26 May: City taken by forces of Dost Mohammad Khan. Mohammad Yaqub Khan in power. 1880 - Abd al-Rahman Khan in power. 1885 - Under the orders of the Amir, the Mosalla was destroyed.
20th century
1922 / 1301 SH - Solar Hijri calendar officially adopted in Afghanistan. 1925 - Herat National Museum established. 1947 - Radio Kabul transmissions begin to reach Herat (approximate date). 1960s - Kandahar-Herat highway constructed. 1973 - Population: 108,750. 1979 March: Uprising. City bombed by Soviet forces. 1988 - Population: 177,300 (estimate). 1993 - Mines cleared.
21st century 2010 - Population: 410,700. 2016 - Population: 491,967.
See also List of governors of Herat province Khorasan Timelines of other cities in Afghanistan: Kabul
References
This article incorporates information from the Russian Wikipedia.
Bibliography
Published in 19th century
Published in 20th century
Published in 21st century
External links
Map of Herāt and surroundings in 1942