Annotated Records of the Three Kingdoms

Annotated Records of the Three Kingdoms () by Pei Songzhi (372–451) is an annotation completed in the 5th century of the 3rd century historical text Records of the Three Kingdoms, compiled by Chen Shou. After the fall of the Eastern Jin, Pei Songzhi became the Gentleman of Texts under the Liu Song dynasty, and was given the assignment of editing the book, which was completed in 429. This became the official history of the Three Kingdoms period, under the title Sanguozhi zhu.

Pei went about providing detailed explanations to some of the geography and other elements mentioned in the original. More importantly, he made corrections to the work, in consultation with records he collected of the period. In regard to historical events and figures, as well as Chen Shou's opinions, he added his own commentary. From his broad research, he was able to create a history which was relatively complete, without many of the loose ends of the original. Some of the added material was colourful and of questionable authenticity, possibly fictional. All the additional material made the book close to twice the length of the original. Pei Songzhi scrupulously cited his sources, and always introduced his opinion as such.

List of texts used in Pei Songzhi's annotations

Official and private histories Title Translation Author / Compiler Notes Locus of First CitationThe references provided locate the first instance of the citation in Pei Songzhi's commentary, and for the vast majority of these sources, the reference can be understood to prepend an invisible "et passim". All are found in footnotes, whether or not a particular note is specified. The pagination follows the Zhonghua Publishing standard version, but the Dingwen Printing version (Taipei, 1977) uses identical pagination. Diwang Shiji The Era of Sovereigns Huangfu Mi Deeds of emperors and kings since legendary times 38.975, n 3 Dianlüe Yu Huan Believed to be based on parts of Weilüe 1.45, n 1 Gaoshi Zhuan Huangfu Mi Contains biographies of people from the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors era to the Three Kingdoms period 11.355 Han Ji Annals of Han Yuan Hong Annalistic history of the Later Han 2.57–8, n 3 Han Ji Annals of Han Zhang Fan () Also known as Annals of the Later Han (後漢紀) May never have been completed.Pei Songzhi suspected Zhang Fan's () Hou Han Ji was unfinished because of the poor quality of the writing. See Records of the Three Kingdoms, 4.133. 1.3, n 2 Han Jin Chunqiu Chronicles of Han and Jin Xi Zuochi Records the history of Han Dynasty up to the Western Jin Dynasty 1.20 Han Shu Book of Han Hua Qiao () Hua Qiao was a grandson of Hua Xin. Records the history of the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Also known as Later Book of Han (). Not to be confused with the Book of Han by Ban Biao and his children. 6.177 Han Shu Zhu Annotated Book of Han Ban Gu and Ban Zhao; Ying Shao, annotation Official history of the Western Han Dynasty. Extant. 1.36, n 5 Han Wei Chunqiu Chronicles of Han and Wei Kong Yan () Historical record of the late Han Dynasty and Wei Dynasty 1.46, n 2 Hou Han Shu Book of the Later Han Xie Cheng () Records the history of the late Han Dynasty. Not to be confused with Fan Ye's Book of the Later Han. Xie Cheng was a younger brother of Sun Quan's wife Lady Xie. 1.6–7 n 5 Huayang Guo Zhi Chronicles of Huayang Chang Qu Records the history of Ba–Shu (; present-day Sichuan and Chongqing) from the Han Dynasty to the Jin Dynasty 32.875, n 2 Jiaoguang Ji Records of Jiao and Guang provinces Wang Yin () Records the geographical history of Jiao and Guang provinces 60.1385 Jin Huidi Qiju Zhu Notes on Daily Life in Emperor Hui of Jin's Time Records about events in the reign of Emperor Hui of Jin 8.262, n 2 Jin Taishi Qiju Zhu Notes on Daily Life in Taishi of Jin Records about events in the Taishi era (265-274) of the reign of Emperor Wu of Jin 35.932–3 Jin Ji Annals of Jin Gan Bao Records the history of the Western Jin DynastyGao Min, p 13, citing Lin Guozan () 3.145 n 1 Jin Shu Book of Jin Wang Yin () Records the history of the Western Jin Dynasty. Co-written by Wang Yin's father Wang Quan (). Not to be confused with the official history of the Jin Dynasty, the Book of Jin by Fang Xuanling et al. 1.49, n 3 Jin Shu Book of Jin Yu Yu () Yu Yu's Book of Jin is believed to have been plagiarised from correspondence with Wang Yin ()Book of Jin, 82.2143, biography of Wang Yin 21.605–6 Jin Yang Qiu Sun Sheng Records the history of the Jin Dynasty up to Emperor Ai of Jin's time 8.253, n 2 Jiuzhou Chunqiu Annals of the Nine Provinces Sima Biao Records the history of the late Han Dynasty in ten fascicles 1.4 Jiuzhou Ji Records of the Nine Provinces Xun Chuo () Divided into nine volumes, each covering one of the Nine Provinces.Most historiographers (including Zhao Yi and Qian Daxin, 1700s; and Shen Jiaben, early 1900s) consider Jiuzhou Ji to have been a single work which included both Jizhou Ji and Yanzhou Ji. Wang Zuyi (), in 1956, considered the work to have been nine separate volumes, and listed them as distinct works cited by Pei Zongzhi. See Gao Min, p 13. 11.336 Lingdi Ji Annals of Emperor Ling Liu Ai () Records about Emperor Ling of Han 1.45, n 1 Mo Ji Records Written from Memory Zhang Yan () Records of Zhuge Liang and others 35.935–6 San Chao Lu Records of the Three Dynasties Zhang Wen?The historical bibliography in the Book of Sui does not record a San Chao Lu, but it does record a San Chao Lüe (), written by Zhang Wen. See Gao Min, 12. Information on Sun Lang () 51.1213; biography of Sun Kuang San Guo Ping Commentary on the Three Kingdoms Xu Zhong () Commentary on events in the Three Kingdoms period 7.237 Shiji Records of the Grand Historian Sima Qian First complete history. Extant. 19.568–9, n 2; biography of Cao ZhiPei Songzhi quotes the Shiji here without attribution. Shiyu Accounts of this Generation Guo Song () Also known as Wei Jin Shiyu (), and not to be confused with Shishuo Xinyu, which is sometimes shortened to Shiyu as well. A particularly poor historical text.Although he quotes from it extensively, Pei Songzhi had serious reservations about Guo Song's () Wei Jin Shiyu, calling it "lame, shallow, and wholly without rhythm". He decries the Shiyu as the poorest history he has consulted, and laments that its errors have passed through sourcing into the works of Sun Sheng and Gan Bao. See Records of the Three Kingdoms, 4.133 1.2, n 3 Shu Benji Basic Annals of Shu Qiao Zhou Records about Liu Bei 32.889, n 1 Shu Ji Records of Shu Wang Yin () Records about the history of Shu 18.547, n 2; biography of Pang De Tongyu Complete Accounts Yin Ji () Accounts of the beginnings of the Jin Dynasty 44.1062, n 1 Wei Ji Annals of Wei Yin Dan () 19.558, n 1; biography of Cao Zhi Weilüe Brief History of Wei Yu Huan 1.18 Wei Mo Zhuan Records of the End of Wei Records events that occurred near the end of the Wei state 3.91, n 2 Wei Shi Chunqiu Chronicles of the Ruling Family of Wei Sun Sheng Records the history of Wei in chronological order 1.18 Wei Shu Book of Wei Wang Chen, Xun Yi, Ruan Ji Compiled after the fall of Wei 1.1 n 1 Wu Ji Annals of Wu Huan Ji () 53.1247, n 4 Wu Li History of Wu Hu Chong () 2.89 Wu Lu Records of Wu Zhang Bo () 37.954, n 2 Wu Shu Book of Wu Wei Zhao 1.11, n 1 Wu Zhi Records of Wu 1.6, n 3 Xiandi Chunqiu Chronicles of Emperor Xian Yuan Wei ()Records of the Three Kingdoms, 1.12. In idem, 57.1337, Xiandi Chunqiu is attributed to Yuan Ye (袁曄). Some premodern versions attribute the work to Yuan Yan (); see Gao Min, pp 14 and 16. Records about Emperor Xian of Han. 1.12 Xiandi Qiju Zhu Notes on Emperor Xian's Daily Life Records the events in the reign of Emperor Xian of Han 1.22, n 2 Xu Han Shu Continuation of the Book of Han Sima Biao Records about the late Eastern Han Dynasty 1.1–2

Government documents Title Translation Author / Compiler Notes Locus of First Citation Baiguan Ming Official Posts Register of Officials during the Jin Dynasty 12.390; biography of Sima Zhi () Shan Jin Wen On the Abdication to Jin Cao Wei court document outlining their position on the succession of power 14.455 n 2; biography of Jiang Ji Taikang San Nian Diji Land Survey of 282The Book of Sui records a Yuankang San Nian Diji, which would be dated to 293 rather than 282. This may be the same record as quoted by Pei Songzhi. See Book of Sui, 33.984 Government survey of population and local conditions 22.637 n 1; biography of Chen Qun Wei Jiaosi Zou Memorandum on Wei's Biannual Nature Sacrifice Government document of Cao Wei 2.83 Wei Mingchen Zou Memorials of Famous Ministers of Wei Chen ShouBook of Sui, 33.973 Compiled in the Zhengshi era (240–249) of the reign of Cao Fang. 3.111–2 Xianxi Yuannian Baiguan Ming Official Posts of the Opening Year of the Xianxi Period Register of officials of Cao Wei in 264 28.794 Xiandi Zhuan Biography of Emperor Xian Records about Emperor Xian of Han. Supplementary to Xiandi Ji. Contains memorials sent by various officials to Emperor Xian, urging the latter to abdicate in favour of Cao Pi. 1.39–40, n 3

Individual, family, and group biographies