The 131st New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 1 to June 11, 1908, during the second year of Charles Evans Hughes's governorship, in Albany.

Background Under the provisions of the New York Constitution of 1894, re-apportioned in 1906 and 1907, 51 Senators and 150 assemblymen were elected in single-seat districts; senators for a two-year term, assemblymen for a one-year term. The senatorial districts were made up of entire counties, except New York County (twelve districts), Kings County (eight districts), Erie County (three districts) and Monroe County (two districts). The Assembly districts were made up of contiguous area, all within the same county.

On April 27, 1906, the Legislature re-apportioned the Senate districts, increasing the number to 51.see APPORTIONMENT PLAN MADE; ODELL BEATEN in NYT on April 27, 1906 The apportionment was then contested in the courts.

The Legislature also re-apportioned the number of assemblymen per county. Nassau County was separated from the remainder of Queens County; Albany, Broome, Cattaraugus, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oswego and Rensselaer counties lost one seat each; Erie, Monroe and Westchester gained one each; and Kings and Queens counties gained two each.

On April 3, 1907, the new Senate and Assembly apportionment was declared unconstitutional by the New York Court of Appeals.OLD APPORTIONMENT IS DECLARED VOID in NYT on April 4, 1907

On July 26, 1907, the Legislature again re-apportioned the Senate districts, and re-enacted the 1906 Assembly apportionment.see HUGHES WINS ON APPORTIONMENT in NYT on July 24, 1907

At this time there were two major political parties: the Republican Party and the Democratic Party. The Independence League, the Socialist Party and the Prohibition Party also nominated tickets.

Elections The 1907 New York state election, was held on November 5. The only two statewide elective offices up for election were two judgeships on the New York Court of Appeals which were carried by a Republican and a Democrat both of which had been endorsed by the other major party.

Sessions The Legislature met for the regular session at the State Capitol in Albany on January 1, 1908; and adjourned on April 23.

James Wolcott Wadsworth Jr. (R) was re-elected Speaker.

The Legislature met for a special session at the State Capitol in Albany on May 11, 1908; and adjourned on June 11. This session was called to consider enacting reform legislation which had been recommended by the governor at the beginning of the session, but was ignored by the Legislature. Among the measures advocated by the governor were an anti-horse-race-track-gambling bill (enacted as the Hart–Agnew Law), a plan to extend the jurisdiction of the Public Service Commission to the telephone and telegraph companies, and a ballot reform.

State Senate Districts Note: The senators had been elected to a two-year term in November 1906 under the 1906 apportionment, as stated below. Although the Legislature re-apportioned the Senate districts in 1907, the first senatorial election under the new apportionment occurred in November 1908.

Members The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued in office as members of this Legislature.

District Senator Party Notes1stCarll S. Burr Jr.* Republican2ndDennis J. Harte* Democrat3rdThomas H. Cullen* Democrat4thOtto G. Foelker* Republicanon November 3, 1908, elected to the 60th U.S. Congress5thJames A. Thompson* Democrat6thEugene M. Travis* Republican7thPatrick H. McCarren* Democrat8thCharles H. Fuller* Dem./Ind. L.9thConrad Hasenflug* Democrat10thAlfred J. Gilchrist* Republican11thDominick F. Mullaney* Dem./Ind. L.12thWilliam Sohmer* Dem./Ind. L.13thChristopher D. Sullivan* Dem./Ind. L.14thThomas F. Grady* Dem./Ind. L.Minority Leader15thThomas J. McManus* Dem./Ind. L.16thJohn T. McCall* Dem./Ind. L.17thGeorge B. Agnew* Republican18thMartin Saxe* Republican19thAlfred R. Page* Republican20thJames J. Frawley* Dem./Ind. L.21stJames Owens*James Owens, five-term NYC alderman, died March 7, 1911 Democrat22ndJohn P. Cohalan* Dem./Ind. L.on November 3, 1908, elected Surrogate of New York Co.23rdFrancis M. Carpenter* Republican24thJohn C. R. Taylor* Democrat25thSanford W. Smith* Republican26thJohn N. Cordts* Republican27thJotham P. Allds* Republican28thWilliam J. Grattan* Republican29thFrank M. Boyce* Democrat30thH. Wallace Knapp* Republican31stWilliam W. Wemple* Republican32ndJames A. Emerson* Republican33rdSeth G. Heacock* Republican34thWilliam T. O'Neil* Republican35thGeorge H. Cobb* Republican36thJoseph Ackroyd* Democrat37thFrancis H. Gates* Ind. Rep.38thHorace White* Republicanon November 3, 1908, elected Lieutenant Governor39thHarvey D. Hinman* Republican40thOwen Cassidy* Republican41stBenjamin M. Wilcox* Republican42ndJohn Raines* RepublicanPresident pro tempore43rdWilliam J. Tully* Republican44thS. Percy Hooker* Republican45thThomas B. Dunn* Republicanon November 3, 1908, elected New York State Treasurer46thWilliam W. Armstrong* Republican 47thStanislaus P. Franchot* Republicandied on March 24, 1908SENATOR FRANCHOT DEAD in The New York Times on March 25, 1908William C. WallaceWilliam C. Wallace (died 1928), of Niagara Falls, see EX-SENATOR W. C. WALLACE in The New York Times on July 8, 1928 (subscription required) Republicanelected on May 12 to fill vacancyHUGHES MAN WINS SENATE ELECTION in The New York Times on May 13, 190848thHenry W. Hill* Republican49thSamuel J. Ramsperger* Democrat50thGeorge Allen Davis* Republican51stAlbert T. Fancher* Republican

Employees Clerk: Lafayette B. Gleason

State Assembly Note: For brevity, the chairmanships mentioned omit the words "...the Committee on (the)..."

Assemblymen