Bobrov (), or Bobrova (feminine; Бобро́ва) is a Russian surname, derived from the word бобёр 'beaver'. Notable people with the surname include:

Bobrov Alexander Bobrov (1850–1904), Russian surgeon Fyodor Bobrov (1898–1944), Soviet army officer and Hero of the Soviet Union Leonid Bobrov (1920–1988), Soviet aircraft pilot and Hero of the Soviet Union Nikolay Alexandrovich Bobrov (1921–1942), Soviet aircraft pilot and Hero of the Soviet Union Nikolay Galaktionovich Bobrov (1923–1943), Soviet army officer and Hero of the Soviet Union Semyon Bobrov (1767/8–1810), Russian poet Viktor Bobrov (ice hockey) (born 1984), Russian ice hockey player Viktor Bobrov (painter) (1842–1918), Russian painter Vladimir Bobrov (born 1953), Kazakhstani politician Vladimir Ivanovich Bobrov (1915–1970), Soviet aircraft pilot and Hero of the Soviet Union, Spanish Republican Air Force air ace Vsevolod Bobrov (1922–1979), Russian hockey and football player, trainer Yelisey Bobrov (1778–1830), Russian actor Yevgeny Bobrov (1867–1933), Russian philosopher Yevgeny Grigoryevich Bobrov (1902–1983), Russian botanist Bobrova Ekaterina Bobrova (born 1990), Russian ice dancer Lidia Bobrova (born 1952), Russian film director Natalia Bobrova (1978-2015), Russian artistic gymnast