This list of battles fought in New Mexico is an incomplete list of military and other armed confrontations that have occurred within the boundaries of the modern U.S. State of New Mexico since European contact. The region was part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain from 1535 to 1821, and then Mexico from 1821 to 1847. Over half of New Mexico was claimed by the Republic of Texas from 1836 to 1841, but control was never established in any form. Full administrative control of New Mexico was established on February 2, 1848 with the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo which ended the Mexican–American War.
The Mexican–American War, American Civil War, and Plains Indian Wars all directly affected the region during westward expansion.
Battles NameDateLocationWarCampaignDeadBelligerentsBattle of HawikkuJuly 7–12, 1540near Zuni PuebloSpanish ColonizationCoronado ExpeditionunknownKingdom of Spain vs Zuni peoplePueblo RevoltAugust 10–21, 1680Santa Fe de Nuevo MéxicoSpanish Colonization400+Native Americans' casualties have not been recorded.Taos, Picuris, Jemez, Santa Clara, Kewa, Cochiti (aka Kotyit'), Tesuque, Ohkay Owingeh, Nambé pueblos & Apache vs Kingdom of SpainRecapture of Santa FeDecember 29–30, 1693Santa FeSpanish Colonization89Nine rebels died during the fighting (two by suicide) and the Spanish executed 70 prisoners who had refused to surrender.Kingdom of Spain & Pecos vs Taos, Picuris, Jemez, Kha'p'oo Owinge, Kewa, Tesuque, Ohkay Owingeh & NambéChimayó RebellionAugust 1–9, 1837Rio Arriba County & Santa Fe CountyRevolt of 1837~23Governor Albino Pérez was captured by Kewa warriors as he and his few supporters fled Santa Fe after being unable to find support there. Pérez was decapitated and his head returned to Santa Fe for display. Two other government officials and about 20 of their supporters were also killed; Native American or New Mexicans killed during the revolt have not been recorded.New Mexico rebels & local Pueblo allies vs MexicoTexan Santa Fe ExpeditionJune 19, 1841 - June 13, 1842Comancheria & Santa FeunknownThe Texan forces consisted of over 320 men and they were greatly outnumbered by a detachment of the Mexican Army numbering over 1,500 men. The Texan forces being taken as prisoners were forced to march to Veracruz which took an unknown toll on their numbers. Varying numbers of "Volunteers of the Texan Army Santa Fe Prisoners" are known to have left Mexico and returned to New Orleans. Republic of Texas vs MexicoBattle of El BrazitoDecember 25, 1846near Las CrucesMexican–American WarNew Mexico Campaign43Mexico vs United States of AmericaBattle of CañadaJanuary 24, 1847Santa CruzMexican–American War / Taos RevoltNew Mexico Campaign38United States of America vs Mexico & PuebloFirst Battle of MoraJanuary 24, 1847MoraMexican–American War / Taos RevoltNew Mexico Campaign26United States of America vs MexicoSecond Battle of MoraFebruary 1, 1847MoraMexican–American War / Taos RevoltNew Mexico CampaignunknownNo U.S. casualties were reported, but 17 Mexicans were reported killed or wounded.United States of America vs MexicoSiege of Pueblo de TaosFebruary 3–5, 1847Taos PuebloMexican–American War / Taos RevoltNew Mexico Campaign60+Mexican and Native American casualties are estimated at 150 killed or wounded.United States of America vs MexicoRed River Canyon AffairMay 26–27, 1847Red River CanyonMexican–American War / Taos RevoltNew Mexico Campaign25United States of America vs Mexico, Pueblo,Specific groups have not been identified. Apache, Kiowa, & ComancheLas Vegas AffairJuly 6, 1847Las VegasMexican–American War / Taos RevoltNew Mexico Campaign10United States of America vs MexicoCienega AffairJuly 9, 1847Cienega Creek near TaosMexican–American War / Taos RevoltNew Mexico Campaign5+Mexican and Native Americans killed in action is unknown.United States of America vs Mexico & PuebloSpecific groups have not been identified.White MassacreOctober 28, 1849Tucumcari, New MexicoAmerican Indian WarsJicarilla War5+The exact number of settlers involved was not recorded. It is unknown if any Native Americans were killed in the action.Ute & Jicarilla Apache vs American settlersFirst Battle of Mesilla July 25, 1861Mesilla, New Mexico Territory (USA)American Civil War5-15Confederate States of America vs United States of AmericaBattle of Canada AlamosaSeptember 24–25, 1861San Ygnacio de la AlamosaAmerican Civil War6Confederate States of America vs United States of AmericaSkirmish near Fort Thorn, New Mexico TerritorySeptember 26, 1861near Fort ThornAmerican Civil War2Confederate States of America vs United States of AmericaBattle of ValverdeFebruary 20–21, 1862near Fort CraigAmerican Civil WarNew Mexico Campaign104Confederate States of America vs United States of AmericaBattle of Glorieta PassMarch 26–28, 1862modern Santa Fe County & San Miguel CountyAmerican Civil WarNew Mexico Campaign101United States of America vs Confederate States of AmericaBattle of AlbuquerqueApril 8–9, 1862AlbuquerqueAmerican Civil WarNew Mexico Campaign1United States of America vs Confederate States of AmericaBattle of PeraltaApril 14, 1862PeraltaAmerican Civil WarNew Mexico Campaign5-6United States of America vs Confederate States of AmericaSecond Battle of MesillaJuly 1, 1862Mesilla, Confederate ArizonaAmerican Civil Warnone knownUnited States of America vs Confederate States of AmericaBattle of Pecos RiverJanuary 4, 1864near Fort SumnerNavajo Wars40United States of America & Mescalero Apache vs Navajo peopleBattle of Mount GrayApril 7, 1864Mount Gray, modern Hidalgo CountyApache Wars / American Civil WarCalifornia Column21United States of America vs ApacheSkirmish in Doubtful CanyonMay 3, 1864Hidalgo CountyApache Wars / American Civil WarCalifornia Column10United States of America vs ApacheBattle of ColumbusMarch 9, 1916ColumbusMexican RevolutionMexican Border War (1910–1919)~138 United States of America vs Mexican Revolutionaries
Notes
See also History of New Mexico Plains Indians Wars