Certain large banks are tracked and labelled by several authorities as Systemically Important Financial Institutions (SIFIs), depending on the scale and the degree of influence they hold in global and domestic financial markets.

Since 2011, the Financial Stability Board (FSB) has published a list of global SIFIs (G-SIFIs), while individual countries also maintain their own lists of Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs), also known in Europe as "national SIFIs" (N-SIFIs). In addition, special lists of regional systemically important banks (R-SIBs) also exist. The European Central Bank has separate criteria to designate credit institutions as "significant" under the framework of European Banking Supervision.

Background In 2009, as a regulatory response to the revealed vulnerability of the banking sector in the 2008 financial crisis, and attempting to come up with a solution to solve the "too big to fail" interdependence between G-SIFIs and the economy of sovereign states, the Financial Stability Board (FSB) started to develop a method to identify G-SIFIs to which a set of stricter requirements would apply. The first publication of some leaked unofficial G-SIFI lists, during a time when the FSB identification method was still being tested and subject for subsequent adjustments, took place in November 2009 and November 2010. The first official version of the G-SIFI list was published by FSB in November 2011. The established nomenclature G-SIFI was supplemented and in large part replaced by the idea of a Global Systemically Important Bank (G-SIB) and has ever since been updated each year in November. This G-SIB list is the first one shown below.

All G-SIBs and D-SIBs with headquarters in the US and Europe are required each year to submit an updated emergency Resolution Plan to their Financial Supervision Authority. Basel III also requires that all identified G-SIBs no later than March 2018, shall operate with a minimum total capital adequacy ratio comprising: Max. 2% Tier 2 capital (Subordinated capital). High quality Tier 1 capital (Common Equity Tier 1 capital). This requirement towards G-SIBs depend on an indicator-based measure of size, interconnectedness, complexity, non-substitutibility and global reach, elevating it to be 1.0% or 1.5% or 2.0% or 2.5% or 3.5% higher, compared to the similar Basel III capital requirement at 7% towards banks not contained on the list. Max. 1.5% Additional Tier 1 capital (Hybrid capital, i.e. Contingent Convertibles aka CoCos). In addition to the Basel III Capital Adequacy Ratio requirements, on November 10, 2014 the FSB issued a consultative document that defines a global standard for minimum amounts of Total Loss Absorbency Capacity ("TLAC") to be held by G-SIBs. The TLAC are amounts to be held in addition to the Capital Adequacy Ratio requirements, by G-SIBs. This proposal was under consultation until February 2, 2015, when the requirement was finalized. The FSB issued the final minimum total loss-absorbing capacity (TLAC) standard for 30 G-SIBs 9 November 2015. (See "MREL" "Minimum Requirement for own funds and Eligible Liabilities"; see MREL, treasurers.org for EU institutions.)

The second set of lists, further below, includes all those financial institutions having been identified as systemically important by a national regulator, the so-called D-SIBs. For the United States, this list include all those financial institutions not being big enough for G-SIB status, but still with high enough domestic systemically importance making them subject to the most stringent annual Stress Test (USA-ST) by the Federal Reserve.List of bank stress tests#Americas

In 2013, the EU also adopted a regulation to identify all Domestic SIBs within each member state of the European Economic Area (EEA), which after a phase-in during 2015–18, then shall comply with some even higher total capital adequacy ratio requirements – in accordance with how systemically important they are. Beside of expanding the SIB list, so that it now both include G-SIBs and D-SIBs, the regulation also ensure that all European G-SIBs (with headquarters in one of the EEA member states), will face some higher capital adequacy ratio requirements compared to those required by the FSB.

Both Basel III and the EU regulation, also introduced a potential counter-cyclical capital ratio buffer, which can be enforced by national authorities on top of the noted total capital adequacy ratios, with demands of up till 2.5% extra Common Equity Tier 1 capital towards all financial institutions (incl. SIBs), during years where the total lending in the specific nation starts to grow faster than the national GDP.

List of Global Systemically Important Banks (G-SIBs)

+ Countercyclical capital buffers Tier 1 2 3 4 5 Buffer 1.0% 1.5% 2.0% 2.5% 3.5%

+ Entity Tier 2025 (29) 2024 (29) 2023 (29) 2022 (30) 5 (Empty) (Empty) (Empty) (Empty) 4 3 2 1

+ History of tiers per year Entity 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Agricultural Bank of China 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Bank of America 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 Bank of China 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 Bank of Communications 1 1 1 ICBC 322 2111111111 Deutsche Bank 122222 233333 34 Goldman Sachs2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 BPCE1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 dropped 1 1 1 1 1 Crédit Agricole2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 ING1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Mitsubishi UFJ FG2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Mizuho FG1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Morgan Stanley1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 Royal Bank of Canada111111111 Santander1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Société Générale1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Standard Chartered1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 State Street1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Sumitomo Mitsui FG1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Toronto Dominion1 1 1 1 1 1 1 UBS2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 Wells Fargo 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1

Lists of Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs)

D-SIBs in the US For the United States, the D-SIB include those financial institutions not being big enough for G-SIB status, but still with high enough domestic systemically importance making them subject to the most stringent annual Stress Test (USA-ST) by the Federal Reserve. Strictly speaking, the Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC) does not designate any banks or bank holding companies as systemically important, but the Dodd–Frank Act in its terms on the statute imposes heightened supervision standards (including being subject to the annual USA Stress Test) on any bank holding company with a larger than $50 billion balance sheet. Despite the lack of any official D-SIB designation, the banks being subject to the USA Stress Test can be considered to be D-SIBs in the US. The group of banks being stress tested was identical throughout 2009–2013, except for MetLife Bank ceasing its banking and mortgage lending activities in 2012 – and therefore subsequently leaving the group of supervised entities. In 2014 the stress test was expanded from 18 to 30 banks, as a result of a phase-in of the provisions of the Board's Dodd–Frank Act stress test rules, only making the additional 12 entities subject to this stress test starting from 2014.

All G-SIBs and D-SIBs with headquarters in the US are not only required to comply with some stricter capital ratio requirements but also required to submit an updated emergency Resolution Plan each year to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

+Legend

+ List of all domestic systemically important banks in the US Ally Financial Americas $, USD   2009– FSOC NYSE IRFormerly GMAC Inc. American Express Americas $, USD   2009– FSOC NYSE IR  Truist Financial Americas $, USD   2009– FSOC NYSE IR  BMO Financial Corp. Americas $, USD   2014– FSOC IRSubsidiary of Bank of Montreal. Formerly Harris Financial Corp. Capital One Financial Americas $, USD   2009– FSOC NYSE IR  Comerica Americas $, USD   2014– FSOC NYSE IR  Fifth Third Bank Americas $, USD   2009– FSOC NASDAQ IR  HSBC North America Holdings Americas $, USD   2014– FSOC IRSubsidiary of HSBC Holdings Huntington Bancshares Americas $, USD   2014– FSOC NASDAQ IR  KeyCorp Americas $, USD   2009– FSOC NYSE IR  M&T Bank Americas $, USD   2014– FSOC NYSE IR  MetLife Americas $, USD   2009‑12 FSOC NYSE IRFailed the stress test in 2012, and consequently sold its banking unit to GE Capital and its mortgage servicing business to JPMorgan Chase. Northern Trust Americas $, USD   2014– FSOC NASDAQ IR  PNC Financial Services Americas $, USD   2009– FSOC NYSE IR  RBS Citizens Financial Group Americas $, USD   2014– FSOC NYSE IR Regions Financial Americas $, USD   2009– FSOC NYSE IR  Santander Holdings USA Americas $, USD   2014– FSOC NYSE IRSubsidiary of Santander Group SunTrust Banks Americas $, USD   2009– FSOC NYSE IRNow Truist Financial through merger with BB&T. U.S. Bancorp Americas $, USD   2009– FSOC NYSE IR  UnionBanCal Americas $, USD   2014– FSOC IRSubsidiary of Mitsubishi UFJ FG Zions Americas $, USD   2014– FSOC NYSE, NASDAQ IR 

D-SIBs within each of the EEA member states (both domestic and global) In 2013 a new SIB regulation was formulated and adopted by the European Union, which outlined the responsibility for each EU member state and all of the three other EEA member states, to compose a list of all their domestic SIBs (with the term including not only ordinary banks – but also credit institutions and investment firms), and implement some new total capital ratio requirements towards these identified D-SIBs. The total capital ratio requirements towards D-SIBs, will be stricter than the minimum 10.5% required by Basel III towards all normal sized financial institutions, which comprise a requirement of: max. 2% Tier 2 capital (Subordinated capital). max. 1.5% Additional Tier 1 capital (Hybrid capital, i.e. Contingent Convertibles aka CoCos). min. 7% high quality Tier 1 capital (Common Equity Tier 1 capital). The new stricter EU regulated capital requirements, applying towards all "credit institutions or investment firms" identified as being a D-SIB, basically adds further high quality Common Equity Tier 1 capital buffers on top of the above 10.5% Basel III minimum capital requirement, to be phased in during 2015–2019, with full effect for the calendar year 2019. In addition, the new EU rules also requires all instruments recognised in the Additional Tier 1 capital of any "credit institution or investment firm" to be Contingent Convertibles with the attached clause, that it automatically will be either written down or converted into Common Equity Tier 1 instruments if the Common Equity Tier 1 capital ratio of the institution at any point of time falls below 5.125%.

Each national SIB list of the EEA Member States include: The already identified G-SIBs with headquarters in the concerned state, and the Other Systemically Important Institutions (O-SII; which include R-SIBs and D-SIBs) with headquarters/branches in the concerned state - to be identified at the latest on 31 December 2015. The European Banking Authority has published some mandatory guidelines on how the O-SIIs shall be identified in each EEA Member State, which will take effect on 1 January 2015. All identified SIBs in the list below are subject to the new elevated capital ratio requirements, which can be introduced immediately (as in Sweden) or phased in during 2015–2019 (as in Denmark).

Identified SIBs of EEA member states

Bank of Cyprus Hellenic Bank RCB Bank Eurobank Cyprus

Danske Bank Nordea Denmark Nykredit Jyske Bank Sydbank DLR

BNP Paribas Crédit Agricole Groupe BPCE Société Générale

Deutsche Bank

National Bank of Greece Alpha Bank Eurobank Ergasias Bank

Unicredit Group Intesa Sanpaolo Monte dei Paschi di Siena

HSBC Bank Malta Bank of Valletta MeDirect Bank Malta

ING Bank Rabobank ABN AMRO De Volksbank

DNB ASA Nordea Bank Norge ASA Kommunalbanken