Makishima (written: 巻島 or 牧島) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

(born 1976), Japanese politician

Fictional characters: Shogo Makishima, the main antagonist in Psycho-Pass Agito Makishima, a major character in Bio Booster Armor Guyver Yusuke Makishima, in Yowamushi Pedal