Haplogroup Q-M25, also known as Q1a1b, is a subclade or branch of human Y-DNA haplogroup Q-F1096 (Q1a1), which is, in turn, a subclade of Q-MEH2 (Q1a). In human genetics, each Y-DNA haplogroup constitutes a biological paternal lineages back to a shared common male ancestor.

Distribution Q-M25 has descendants in modern populations across all of Eurasia. Only one detailed study on the Y-DNA on Turkmens from Turkmenistan has taken place. Haplogroup Q is found in minority Turkmen tribes living in Afghanistan at percentages of about 32%,J D Cristofaro et al., 2013, "Afghan Hindu Kush: Where Eurasian Sub-Continent Gene Flows Converge", http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0076748 and another study found that 42.6% of Iranian Turkmens have haplogroup Q-M25 (also known as Q1a1b).

The Americas Q-M25 has not been detected in pre-Columbian populations in the Americas.

Asia Q-M25 has been detected in the Northeast of East Asia, in South Asia, and across Central Asia. Though present at low frequencies, it may be one of the more widely distributed branches of Q-M242 in Asia.

PopulationSampling LocationPaperNPercentageSNP Tested Turkmen Golestan, IranGrugni 201229/68~42.6%M25 & M143 Turkmen Jawzjan, Afghanistan Di Cristofaro 201323/74~31.1%M25 & M346/ (cf)Q1a3(currently Q1a2)=2/74 (Q total=33.8%) Mixed Central Asia & SiberiaUnderhill 20006/184~3.26%M25 & M143 KalmykMalyarchuk 20111/60~1.70%M25 Han ShanxiZhong 20101/56~1.79%M25 Uyghur XinjiangZhong 20101/71~1.41%M25 Uyghur XinjiangZhong 20101/50~2.00%M25 Uzbek Jawzjan, AfghanistanDi Cristofaro 20131/94~1.06%M25 Mongol MongoliaDi Cristofaro 20131/160~0.63%M25

West Asia The frequency of Q-M25 varies greatly across West Asia. An extreme peak is seen in the Turkmen of Golestan. Across the whole of Iran it varies from over 9 percent of the population in the north to only 2 to 3 percent of the population in the south. The frequency of Q-M25 drops to only about 1 percent of the population of Lebanon's Muslims, and it is absent from the non-Muslim population there. However, its presence in the Marsh Arabs(related to Sumer) of Iraq hints that Q-M25's West Asian history extends beyond a single localized recent founder.

PopulationSampling LocationPaperNPercentageSNP Tested Marsh ArabsAl-Zahery 20111/143~0.70%M25/ (cf)Q1b-M378=2.1% IraqisAl-Zahery 20110/154~0.00%M25/ (cf)Q1b-M378=1.9% IraniansIran (North)Regueiro 20063/33~9.09%M25 IraniansMazandaranDi Cristofaro 20131/13~7.69%M25 IraniansIran (South)Regueiro 20063/117~2.56%M25 IraniansEsfahanDi Cristofaro 20131/42~2.38%M25 AzerisIran (Azeri)Grugni 20121/63~1.60%M25 TurkmensGolestanGrugni 201229/68~42.6%M25 Lebanese (Non-Muslim)LebanonZalloua 20080/482~0.00%M25 Lebanese (Muslim)LebanonZalloua 20084/432~0.93%M25

Europe Q-M25 is present across modern Turkey and in Eastern Europe.

PopulationPaperNPercentageSNP Tested East AnatoliaCinnioglu 20041/82~1.20%M25

Associated SNP's Haplogroup Q-M25 is defined by the presence of the M25 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) as well as the M143, L714, and L716 SNPs.

Phylogenetic Tree This is Thomas Krahn at the Genomic Research Center's Draft tree Proposed Tree for haplogroup Q-M25.

Q-M25 M25, M143, L714, L716 Q-L712 L712 Q-L713 L697.2, L713, L715, M365.3

See also Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup

Y-DNA Q-M242 Subclades

Y-DNA Backbone Tree

References

External links The Y-DNA Haplogroup Q Project