Atlantirivulus is a genus of fishes in the family Rivulidae. They are endemic to shallow swamps, creeks, streams and pools in the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil, ranging from Rio de Janeiro to Santa Catarina. Several of the species are highly threatened, while others survive in well-protected reserves. A. janeiroensis was initially feared extinct, but has since been rediscovered in two reserves.
Similar to closely related genera such as Anablepsoides, Cynodonichthys, Laimosemion and Melanorivulus, Atlantirivulus are non-annual killifish.
They are small fish, no more than in total length. Compared to many species in the family, the colors of Atlantirivulus are relatively dull.
Species Until 2011, Atlantirivulus were included in Rivulus, and some prefer to maintain them in that genus.
If recognized as a valid genus, there are currently 16 species in Atlantirivulus: Atlantirivulus depressus W. J. E. M. Costa, 1991 Atlantirivulus enigmaticus Volcan, Suárez, Severo-Neto, Amorim & Costa, 2024 Atlantirivulus guanabarensis W. J. E. M. Costa, 2014 Atlantirivulus haraldsiolii Berkenkamp, 1984 Atlantirivulus janeiroensis W. J. E. M. Costa, 1991 Atlantirivulus jurubatibensis W. J. E. M. Costa, 2008 Atlantirivulus lazzarotoi W. J. E. M. Costa, 2007 Atlantirivulus luelingi Seegers, 1984 Atlantirivulus maricensis W. J. E. M. Costa, 2014 Atlantirivulus nudiventris W. J. E. M. Costa & G. C. Brasil, 1991 Atlantirivulus paranaguensis W. J. E. M. Costa, 2014 Atlantirivulus ribeirensis W. J. E. M. Costa, 2014 Atlantirivulus riograndensis W. J. E. M. Costa & Lanés, 2009 Atlantirivulus santensis Köhler, 1906 Atlantirivulus simplicis W. J. E. M. Costa, 2004 Atlantirivulus unaensis W. J. E. M. Costa & De Luca, 2009
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