James Barnor Hon. FRPS, OV (born 6 June 1929)"James Barnor", Serpentine Galleries. is a Ghanaian photographer who has been based in London since the 1990s. His career spans six decades, and although for much of that period his work was not widely known, it has latterly been discovered by new audiences. In his street and studio photography, Barnor represents societies in transition in the 1950s and 1960s: Ghana moving toward independence, and London becoming a multicultural metropolis.Alexandra Genova, "Party time! The photographer who captured the other swinging sixties", The Guardian, 29 November 2019. He has said: "I was lucky to be alive when things were happening...when Ghana was going to be independent and Ghana became independent, and when I came to England the Beatles were around. Things were happening in the 60s, so I call myself Lucky Jim." He was Ghana's first full-time newspaper photographer in the 1950s, and he is credited with introducing colour processing to Ghana in the 1970s.Aarti wa Njoroge, "In Conversation with James Barnor, in Comparison with Malick Sidibé". Originally in AfricanColours, 8 May 2012. Reprinted. in Digital Photo Times.James Barnor biography at Victoria and Albert Museum. It has been said: "James Barnor is to Ghana and photojournalism what Ousmane Sembène was to Senegal and African cinema."Tiffani Jones, "Secret History of the Black Pinup: Drum Magazine and James Barnor", Coffee Rhetoric, 23 August 2012.
Barnor has spoken of how his work was rediscovered in 2007 during the "Ghana at 50" jubilee season by curator Nana Oforiatta-Ayim, who organised the first exhibition of his photographs at Black Cultural Archives (BCA)."James Barnor: 'My advice to young photographers: fall in love with books , Photobook Bristol, 9 March 2016."Black Cultural Archives Launches Exciting Heritage Programme to Commemorate Ghana's Golden Jubilee", Community Archives and Heritage Group, 7 March 2007. Appreciation of his work as a studio portraitist, photojournalist and Black lifestyle photographerKate Salter, "Colour me beautiful: James Barnor's photographs for Drum magazine", Fashion, The Telegraph, 7 December 2010. has been further heightened since 2010 when a major solo retrospective exhibition of his photographs, Ever Young: James Barnor, was mounted at Rivington Place, London, followed by a series of exhibitions including in the United States and South Africa. His photographs were collated by the non-profit agency Autograph ABP during a four-year project funded by the Heritage Lottery Fund and in 2011 became part of the new Archive and Research Centre for Culturally Diverse Photography."Work of Medway-trained photographer in new archive", BBC Kent, 7 December 2010.
Barnor's photographs have also in recent years had showings in Ghana,"Photos: James Barnor 'Ever Young, Okayafrica, 28 June 2012.Qirv Ventures Brings GUBA award winning Photographer James Barnor On a Triumphant return , GUBA, 7 June 2012."Ghana – A Heritage Ever Young", GHStreets.com. France (Paris Photo 2011,"Paris Photo 2011: Analogue Nirvana" , Lomography, 27 September 2011. Galerie Baudoin Lebon;James Barnor at Baudoin Lebon. Galerie Clémentine de la Féronnière),Clémentine Mercier, "James Barnor, Flash-Backs Ghanéens" , Libération, 13 November 2015. The Netherlands. The first monograph of his work, entitled James Barnor: Ever Young, was published in 2015, including an extensive conversation between Barnor and Margaret Busby with Francis Hodgson.James Barnor; Francis Hodgson, Margaret Busby; Renée Mussai, Kobena Mercer, "A conversation: James Barnor, Margaret Busby and Francis Hodgson", Ever Young: Photographs of James Barnor, London, UK, and Paris, France: Clémentine de la Ferronière; Autograph ABP, 2015. .
Early years Frederick Seton James Barnor was born in Accra, in what was then the Gold Coast, West Africa. Giving an insight on how he came to choose his career, he said: "Photography was in my family. My two uncles were photographers. My cousin was a photographer, and I found out later when I got into it that another cousin was also a photographer."Kwaku, "Lucky Jim, still working at 81", New African, April 2011, pp. 80–82.
At the age of 17, Barnor was teaching basket weaving at a missionary school and the headmaster gave him a camera "to play around with––it was a Kodak Brownie 127, made of plastic"."Picture This – Photographer James Barnor Looks Back at 60 Years Behind the Camera", Nowness, 25 September 2010. In 1947, Barnor started an apprenticeship with his cousin J. P. Dodoo, a well-known portrait photographer,Angela Cobbinah, "Following Nkrumah" , NewsAfrica, 6 January 2011. "mostly taking pictures of people because when you take pictures of flowers and places there's nobody to pay for them. I did that for two years but I had always wanted to be a policeman. I applied to be a police photographer and was accepted, but before I could start my training my uncle gave me the camera he used for photography."
Ever Young Studio After finishing the apprenticeship he set up his own freelance photographic practice ("I did a lot of developing and printing for friends, as well as taking photos. I called my company FS James Barnor's Quick Photo Service — FS are my initials, for Frederick Seton. If you bring me the negatives, you will get the photos the next day.")Riason Naidoo, "Photographer James Barnor – Ever Young at 90", Mail & Guardian, 21 June 2019. in a makeshift street studio in the Jamestown area of the capital, using a backdrop outside his rented room. When his landlord wanted to reclaim the room, from 1953 Barnor began to operate his Ever Young Studio.Audrey Quaye, "Upcoming exhibition of James Barnor's Photography at Harvard University's WEB DuBois Institute starting on Thursday, January 28th, 2010", Modern Ghana, 25 January 2010. Its name derives from the subject of an English comprehension extract he had studied as a schoolboy, entitled "Iduna's Grove", about a Norse goddess giving out magic apples to grant eternal youthfulness;James Barnor page at Autograph shop, audio of Barnor speaking. it was also an allusion to the expected practice of retouching sitters' faces to perfection — "Long before Photoshop existed you would use a pencil. I would retouch the pictures to make people look younger."Renée Mussai, "James Barnor: Snapshots of Emerging Africa" (caption for 3, "Beatrice With Trademark Figurine, Ever Young Studio, Accra, c. 1955") , The Root.
Located close to the once-famous Seaview Hotel, the studio "soon drew a mixture of clients from families to night revellers and dignitaries". Among those whom he photographed were Ghana's future first president Kwame Nkrumah (pictured kicking a football in one of Barnor's shots),Angela Cobbinah, "Ghanaian photographer features in London exhibition" , Africa Briefing, 30 March 2015. pan-Africanist politician J. B. Danquah, Sir Charles Arden-Clarke (last British governor of the Gold Coast), the Duchess of Kent and then U.S. Vice President Richard Nixon (when he attended Ghana's Independence ceremony in March 1957), as well as boxing champion Roy Ankrah.
Photojournalism with Daily Graphic and Drum
At the same time as freelancing, Barnor became the first staff photographer employed by the Daily Graphic newspaper"Ghanaian photographer to exhibit work", Daily Graphic, 28 August 2012. when it was established in Ghana in 1950 by Cecil King of the London Daily Mirror Group. Barnor also sold photographs to other publications, notably the South African magazine Drum, which covered news, politics and entertainment. Drum was founded in 1951 by Jim Bailey, with whom Barnor established an ongoing relationship, using the magazine's Fleet Street office as his base when he first went to London.
1960s in the UK In December 1959, Barnor travelled to England to develop his skills, working at Colour Processing Laboratories Ltd, Edenbridge, Kent, and attending evening and other part-time classes before being awarded a Ghana Cocoa Marketing Board scholarship to study full-time at Medway College of Art in Rochester, Kent, graduating in 1961."Medway Ghanaian Association Celebrations to mark the 57th Anniversary of Ghanaian Independence Day, 8th March, 2014" , The Lieutenancy of Kent. Subsequent to this course, he stayed on in the UK and continued working as a photographer and technician. His images from this period document Africans in Britain, notably his work as a fashion photographer with black models against London backdrops, often for the covers of Drum, then the leading magazine in Africa.Amma Sarfo, "Getting To Know Legendary Ghanaian Photographer James Barnor", Global Fusion, 4 April 2011.
1970–94 After a decade in England, Barnor went back to Ghana, where he set up the country's first colour processing facilities. For the following 24 years in Ghana, he worked as a professional photographer and was the official African representative for Agfa-Gevaert (at the time the leading company for imaging technology). He was also given work by the American embassy, the US Information Service in Ghana in the 1970s and Ghanaian government agencies under the auspices of J. J. Rawlings.
Return to London: 1994–present In 1994, Barnor returned to London, where his work latterly began to be discovered by a new wider audience, through exhibitions at venues such as Black Cultural Archives (2007),Ade Sawyerr, "Preserving the past to inspire the future:everyoungjba.org". The Ade Sawyerr Blog, 8 August 2014. Rivington Place (2010), and elsewhere.
"At the age of 79, I was recognised," he told his audience at a talk at Chelsea Theatre in 2013."Black & White Memories: Colonialism Through the Lens of James Barnor" , Creolita, 11 December 2013. His 85th birthday in June 2014 was marked with a showcase of his work in the London Borough of Hounslow,"Photography Exhibition", Studio 700, Hounslow Library."James Barnor and the Mayor of Hounslow at his 85th birthday and photographic held at the Library in the Treaty Centre", 21 June 2014. where he lives in sheltered accommodation in Brentford, West London."James Barnor" (In A Different Light), Autograph ABP. Barnor continues to exhibit and give talks on his work, including in 2016 at the V&A (as part of the Paul Strand photography and film exhibition season),"Switching The Lens – Ever Young and Portraits of Modernity", V&A, 10 June 2016. at Photonook Bristol and at the October Gallery."Daniele Tamagni and James Barnor: 8 - 30 September 2016", October Gallery. He said in a 2019 interview: "Sometimes the more you give, the more you get. That's why I'm still going at 90!"
He has set up a UK-registered charity, The James Barnor Foundation, to achieve various aims that are close to his heart, including "education and training, promoting and advocating for the preservation of African cultures, and highlighting African cultural talents." In 2022, the Foundation's launching initiative was a prize to promote established photographers from the African continent, and the first edition, which focused on West Africa, was won by Sènami Donoumassou.
Exhibitions
In 2007, the interest taken in his work by Nana Oforiatta Ayim led to Barnor's first show; he has said: "She was the first curator/ writer to organize a show of my work, and she is the first one who suggested I should do a book."VIDEO: Nowhere Else But Here - Nana Oforiatta-Ayim > Africa is a Country, Posthaven. From 24 April to 24 June 2007, the exhibition entitled Mr Barnor's Independence Diaries took place at the Black Cultural Archives (BCA), curated by Oforiatta-Ayim, as part of BCA's Ghana Jubilee Season.Korantemaa Larbi, "Curating Cultures: Nana Oforiatta Ayim" , Design233, 26 August 2013.Nana Oforiatta Ayim, "Icon(ic): Photographer James Barnor" , Dust Magazine, 29 March 2012.Louise Ray, "Black Cultural Archives Launches Exciting Heritage Programme to Commemorate Ghana's Golden Jubilee", Community Archives and Heritage Group, 7 March 2007.