Szolnok County (, , (modern spelling )) was a county in the Kingdom of Hungary between the 11th century and 1426. It was made up of two disconnected parts, one in what later became Transylvania and the , the other around the Tisza centred on the settlement of Szolnok. The county was eventually split and became: ('Inner Szolnok') in what became the Principality of Transylvania, which was merged into Szolnok-Doboka County in 1876. ('Middle Szolnok') in what became the , which was merged into Szilágy County in 1876. ('Outer Szolnok') in central Hungary, which de facto merged with Heves County in 1569 due to the Ottoman occupation of Külső-Szolnok. Heves was also occupied in 1596, with both becoming part of Eğri Eyalet until their reconquest by the Habsburgs in 1687. The two counties merged de jure in 1765 to become .
A second iteration of Szolnok County, centred on the city of Szolnok and corresponding to the former Külső-Szolnok, was created in 1850Gesetz vom 8. September 1850, RGBl. 346/1850: following the Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire. It was created out of the south-eastern part of , separated from the other half – Heves County – mostly by the Tisza. As of 1854 Szolnok comprised the ('seat districts') of Tisza-Füred, Mező-Túr and Szolnok.Gesetz vom 6. April 1854, RGBl. 80/1854: It was part of the Pest-Ofen district, one of five districts of Hungary during this period. The 1850s changes to the counties were reversed in 1860, rendering this second Szolnok County defunct. Szolnok would again be separated from Heves in 1876, when it became part of Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County, which also included the former Jászság and Nagykunság; Tisza-Füred however remained with Heves County until after World War II and the formation of the modern Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County.
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