Valkov (, ), feminine: Valkova, is a Bulgarian and Russian patronymic surname of different origins. Notable people with the surname include:
Aleksandr Valkov (born 1986), Russian football player Diyan Valkov (born 1993), Bulgarian football player Gabriel Vulkov (born 1996), Bulgarian politician Konstantin Valkov (born 1971), Russian cosmonaut Stanimir Dimov-Valkov (born 1978), Bulgarian football player Vasily Valkov (1904–1972), Soviet ambassador (born 1996), Norvegian kickboxer
See also