Medford/Tufts station is a light rail station on the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) Green Line located off Boston Avenue near College Avenue in Medford, Massachusetts, adjacent to Tufts University. The accessible station has a single island platform serving the two tracks of the Medford Branch. It opened on December 12, 2022, as part of the Green Line Extension (GLX), which added two northern branches to the Green Line, and is the northern terminus of the E branch.
The location was previously served by railroad stations. The Boston and Lowell Railroad (B&L) opened Stearns Steps station near what is now College Avenue by 1849. It was soon named Tufts College, then College Hill, after the 1852-founded college. The original station building – a converted house – was replaced with the brick Tufts College station slightly to the south in 1897. The station was served by the Boston and Maine Railroad, successor to the B&L, until 1958. Tufts University station served the Lowell Line from 1977 to 1979 at the same location.
Extensions to the Green Line were proposed throughout the 20th century, most with Tufts University as one of the intermediate stations. A station site between College Avenue and Winthrop Street was chosen for the GLX in 2008. However, the planned station was moved to College Avenue in 2009. Cost increases triggered a wholesale reevaluation of the GLX project in 2015, and a scaled-down station design was released in 2016. A design-build contract was issued in 2017. In January 2020, the station was renamed Medford/Tufts under an agreement between the MBTA and the university. Construction of the station began in mid-2020 and was largely completed by early 2022.
Station design
Medford/Tufts station is located off Boston Avenue near College Avenue on the northeast side of Walnut Hill in Medford. The Lowell Line runs roughly northwest–southeast through the station area, with the two-track Medford Branch of the Green Line on the south side of the Lowell Line tracks. The station has a single island platform, long and wide, between the Green Line tracks northwest of College Avenue. A canopy covers the full length of the platform.
The platform is high for accessible boarding on current light rail vehicles (LRVs), and can be raised to for future level boarding with Type 9 and Type 10 LRVs; it is also provisioned for future extension to length. The tracks and platform are below grade in a cut. The main entrance is from Boston Avenue on the south side of the tracks, with part of the headhouse structure extending over the southern Green Line track. Stairs plus two elevators for accessibility connect the entrance to the southeast end of the platform.
A starter booth is located at the northwest end of the platform, with an emergency exit ramp to Boston Avenue. A 50-space "Pedal and Park" bike cage is located next to the entrance along Boston Avenue. Public art at the station includes Speeding Green Line – a blurred mural over the station entrance – as well as murals on panels on station signs. MBTA bus routes stop on Boston Avenue near the station.
History Railroad stations
The Boston and Lowell Railroad (B&L) opened through Medford in 1835, though local stops were not added immediately. Stearns Steps station, named for the nearby estate of George Luther Stearns, was located near what is now College Avenue by 1846. Tufts College was founded in 1852; by 1855, the station was called Tufts College. It was located on the west side of the tracks. The stop did not appear in some timetables during its first decade, and may have had intermittent service during that time. By September 1858, it was called College Hill and served as a flag stop for six daily round trips – largely local trains serving the Woburn Branch.
By the 1860s, special service was run to the station for commencement ceremonies. The first station building was an addition to a residential structure on the north side of the tracks just west of College Avenue. The college's post office was located in the station, with the station agent serving as the postmaster, until a separate post office was built nearby in 1885. In 1887, the B&L was leased by the Boston and Maine Railroad (B&M) as its Southern Division.
On May 3, 1897, the older station building was replaced with a brick structure, located on the opposite side of the tracks and slightly to the south at Pearson Street. At that time, it was renamed as Tufts College, matching the post office name, at the request of students. The bridge carrying College Avenue over the tracks was replaced in 1898. The former station was twice burnt by students during riots after football games in November 1905.
Tufts College station was commonly used by students; special trains operated direct from the station for some away football games. However, streetcars consolidated under the Boston Elevated Railway cut sharply into local railroad traffic. The college purchased the disused station building for one dollar in 1941 to avoid its demolition by the railroad, and repurposed it as a theatre workshop in 1944. A small wooden shelter was built for passengers. On April 18, 1958, the Public Utilities Commission approved a vast set of cuts to B&M commuter service, including the closure of North Somerville, Tufts College, and Medford Hillside stations. The three stations were closed on May 18, 1958, amid the first of a series of cuts.
During the late 1960s and early 1970s, the B&M reopened several inner-suburb commuter rail stations in response to community desire for service that was faster if less frequent than buses. Tufts University station near the Tufts College station site was scheduled to open on October 12, 1976. The opening was delayed by a disagreement between the B&M and the university over liability insurance. As the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) took over the system, the new agency agreed to take on the liability. The university paid $2,000 () of the $4,600 () cost of the small platform, with the rest paid by the MBTA. Service began on September 1, 1977, with an opening ceremony held on September 15. The station was abandoned in October 1979 due to poor ridership.
Green Line Extension Previous plans
The Boston Elevated Railway (BERy) opened Lechmere station in 1922 as a terminal for streetcar service in the Tremont Street subway. That year, with the downtown subway network and several radial lines in service, the BERy indicated plans to build three additional radial subways: one paralleling the Midland Branch through Dorchester, a second branching from the Boylston Street subway to run under Huntington Avenue, and a third extending from Lechmere Square northwest through Somerville.
The Report on Improved Transportation Facilities, published by the Boston Division of Metropolitan Planning in 1926, proposed extension from Lechmere to North Cambridge via the Southern Division and the 1870-built cutoff. Consideration was also given to extension past North Cambridge over the Lexington Branch, and to a branch following the Southern Division from Somerville Junction to Woburn.
In 1945, a preliminary report from the state Coolidge Commission recommended nine suburban rapid transit extensions – most similar to the 1926 plan – along existing railroad lines. These included an extension from Lechmere to Woburn over the Southern Division, rather than using the Fitchburg Cutoff. Tufts College was to be among the intermediate stations. The 1962 North Terminal Area Study recommended that the elevated Lechmere–North Station segment be abandoned. The Main Line (now the Orange Line) was to be relocated along the B&M Western Route; it would have a branch following the Southern Division to Arlington or Woburn.
The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) was formed in 1964 as an expansion of the Metropolitan Transit Authority to subsidize suburban commuter rail service, as well as to construct rapid transit extensions to replace some commuter rail lines. In 1965, as part of systemwide rebranding, the Tremont Street subway and its connecting lines became the Green Line. The 1966 Program for Mass Transportation, the MBTA's first long-range plan, listed a short extension from Lechmere to Washington Street as an immediate priority, with a second phase reaching to (Route 16) or .
The 1972 final report of the Boston Transportation Planning Review listed a Green Line extension from Lechmere to as a lower priority, as did several subsequent planning documents. In 1980, the MBTA began a study of the "Green Line Northwest Corridor" (from to Medford), with extension past Lechmere one of its three topic areas. Extensions to Tufts University or were considered.
Station planning In 1991, the state agreed to build a set of transit projects as part of an agreement with the Conservation Law Foundation (CLF), which had threatened a lawsuit over auto emissions from the Central Artery/Tunnel Project (Big Dig). Among these projects was a "Green Line Extension To Ball Square/Tufts University", to be complete by the end of 2011. No progress was made until an updated agreement was signed in 2005. The Beyond Lechmere Northwest Corridor Study, a Major Investment Study/alternatives analysis, was published in 2005. The analysis studied a variety of light rail, bus rapid transit, and commuter rail extensions, most of which included a Ball Square station near the former North Somerville station site. The highest-rated alternatives all included an extension to West Medford with College Avenue as one of the intermediate stations.
The Massachusetts Executive Office of Transportation and Public Works submitted an Expanded Environmental Notification Form (EENF) to the Massachusetts Executive Office of Environmental Affairs in October 2006. The EENF identified a Green Line extension with Medford and Union Square branches as the preferred alternative. That December, the Secretary of Environmental Affairs issued a certificate that required analysis of the terminal location in the draft environmental impact report (DEIR) for the Green Line Extension (GLX). The EENF had proposed College Avenue, with a possible extension to a second station at Winthrop Street; the certificate also required analysis of a single station between the two streets, and of a further extension to . The certificate also required consideration of Lowell Line stations at Tufts University and to provide a connection between commuter rail and rapid transit. Planned station sites were announced in May 2008. A single station between College Avenue and Winthrop Street was recommended due to lower cost, better station spacing, and the ability to avoid modifying the College Avenue and Winthrop Street bridges.
The DEIR, released in October 2009, did not recommend the construction of a commuter rail platform at Gilman Square or Tufts University. The width of a platform and a gauntlet track for freight would require additional right-of-way width, which would have substantial impacts on adjacent properties. It also recommended a single station at College Avenue, as the previously planned combined station would have had poor pedestrian access from neighborhoods north of the tracks. A separate Winthrop Street station was not recommended, as its catchment area overlapped with the College Avenue and Route 16 stations. However, Route 16 was deferred to a future phase, making College Avenue the terminus. Preliminary plans in the DEIR called for the station to have a single island platform northwest of College Avenue. A two-level headhouse with stairs, an escalator, and two elevators would have entrances from a plaza at the intersection of Boston Avenue and College Avenue. Figures 3.7-22, 3.7-24, 3.7-25, and 3.7-26.