Sakharov (feminine: Sakharova) () is a Russian surname, derived from the word "сахар" (sugar). Other spellings of the surname are Saharov / Saharova, Sakharoff, Saharoff.
The surname may refer to:
Saharov Aleksander Saharov (born 1982), Estonian professional footballer
Sakharof Berry Sakharof (born 1957), Israeli rock guitarist, songwriter and singer
Sakharoff Alexander Sakharoff (1886–1963), Russian dancer, teacher, and choreographer
Sakharov Alik Sakharov (born 1959), American television director. Andrei Sakharov (1921–1989), Russian physicist and anti-Soviet dissident Andrey Sakharov (historian) (1930–2019), Russian historian Anton Sakharov (born 1982), Russian footballer Gleb Sakharov (born 1988), Uzbek–French tennis player Nikita Sakharov (1915–1945), Soviet Evenk writer Sophrony (Sakharov) (1896–1993), Christian monk, mystic and teacher Vladimir Sakharov (footballer) (born 1948), former Soviet footballer Vladimir Viktorovich Sakharov (1853–1920), general of the Russian Imperial Army Vladimir Vladimirovich Sakharov (1902–1969), Soviet geneticist Yuri Sakharov (1922–1981), Ukrainian chess master
Sakharova Julia Sakharova, Russian violinist Tatiana Sakharova (1973–2025), Russian politician
Other 1979 Sakharov, a main-belt asteroid named for Andrei Sakharov Sakharov (film), a 1984 TV film starring Jason Robards as Andrei Sakharov
See also Sakharov Prize Zakharov (Russian: Захаров)