Peyer is a surname which may refer to:
Craig Peyer (born 1950), former California Highway Patrol officer convicted of murdering Cara Knott Gervase de Peyer (1926–2017), English clarinettist and conductor Johann Baptist Peyer (c.1678–1733), Austrian organist and composer Johann Conrad Peyer (1653–1712), Swiss anatomist Károly Peyer (1881–1956), Hungarian politician Polly Peyer, retired U.S. Air Force general Tom Peyer (born 1954), American comic book creator and editor
See also Peyer's patches, aggregated lymphoid nodules named after Johann Conrad Peyer