The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Damascus, Syria.
Prior to 7th century
965 BCE – Rezon, leader of a marauding band, conquers Damascus and becomes King of the Arameans. 843 BCE – Hazael assassinated Ben-Hadad I and made himself king of Aram-Damascus. 732 BCE – Neo-Assyrian Empire conquers Damascus 572 BCE – Neo-Babylonians conquered Damascus 538 BCE – Achaemenid Empire annexes Damascus 333 BCE – Alexander the Great conquers Damascus 112 BCE – Damascus fell to Antiochus IX Cyzicenus. 150 CE – Damascus became a Roman provincial city under Trajan. 4th century – Temple of Jupiter built by the Romans.
7th–19th centuries 613 – Sasanian captured Damascus during the Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 634 – 21 August to 19 September: Arab conquest of Damascus under Khalid ibn al-Walid. 715 – Great Mosque built by Al-Walid I by converting the church of St John the Baptist constructed by Arcadius. 789 – Qubbat al-Khazna built. 1078 – Citadel of Damascus built. 1126 – Crusaders attacked Damascus. 1129 – Crusaders march on Damascus. 1142 – Al-Mujahidiyah Madrasa established. 1154 – Nur al-Din Bimaristan built. 1196 – Mausoleum of Saladin built. 1215 – Al-Adiliyah Madrasa founded. 1216 – Citadel of Damascus rebuilt. 1224 – Al-Rukniyah Madrasa built. 1229 – Damascus besieged 1234 – Aqsab Mosque built. 1250 – Qaymariyya hand city over to al-Nasir Yusuf in bloodless coup. 1254 – Al-Qilijiyah Madrasa established. 1260 – Kitbuga, a confidant of the Mongol Ilkhan Hulagu, captured Damascus."Histoire des Croisades III", René Grousset, p. 586. Then, it was captured five days after the Battle of Ain Jalut by the Mamluk Sultanate. 1277 – Al-Zahiriyah Library established. 1400 – Timur, the Turco-Mongol conqueror, besieges Damascus. 1515 – Al-Sibaiyah Madrasa built. 1516 – Ottomans under Selim I conquered Damascus from the Mamluks. 1518 – Salimiyya Takiyya built. 1558 – Sulaymaniyya Takiyya built. 1566 – Salimiyya Madrasa established. 1574 – Khan al-Harir built. 1605 – Printing press established. 1736 – Khan Sulayman Pasha built. 1750 – Azm Palace built. 1752 – Khan As'ad Pasha built. 1832 – Captured by Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt. 1840 – Return of the city to Turkish domination, when the Egyptians were driven out of Syria. 1860 – Massacre; the Moslem population rose against the Christians. 1885 – Bakdash (ice cream parlor) established. 1900 – Population: 154,000. (approx date)
20th century
1918 – October: Arab troops led by Emir Feisal, and supported by British Armed Forces, capture Damascus, ending 400 years of Ottoman rule. 1920 – July: French Armed Forces occupy Damascus, forcing Feisal to flee abroad. 1923 – University founded. 1925/6 – French forces bombard Damascus. 1928 – Al-Wahda Club of Damascus founded. 1933 – Arab Women's Union in Damascus founded. 1935 – Population: 193,912. 1939 – Chapel of Saint Paul inaugurated. 1946 – Population: 303,952. 1947 – Al-Jaish Sports Club founded. 1960 – Syrian Television begins broadcasting. 1961 – September: Discontent with Egyptian domination of the United Arab Republic prompts a group of Syrian Army officers to seize power in Damascus and dissolve the union. 1964 – Population: 562,907 (estimate). 1970 – Population: 836,668 city; 923,253 urban agglomeration. 1977 – Higher Institute for Dramatic Arts founded. 1981 Bomb explodes near Syrian Air Force headquarters. Azbakiyah bombing 1983 – Higher Institute for Applied Science and Technology founded. 1984 – Al-Assad National Library established. 1985 – Population: 1,196,710 (estimate). 1986 – Bombings 1994 – Population: 1,549,000 (estimate). 2000 – Spring
21st century
2004 – Damascus Opera House inaugurated. 2006 February: "Danish and Norwegian embassies in Damascus are set on fire." September: "Attack on the US embassy." 2008 – Population: 1,680,000 (estimate). 2009 – Damascus Securities Exchange founded. 2011 March: Protest; crackdown. Syrian civil war begins. 2012 January 2012 al-Midan bombing March 2012 Damascus bombings April 2012 Damascus bombings 10 May 2012 Damascus bombings. Summer 2012 Damascus clashes Battle of Damascus (2012) 2013 Damascus offensive 2018 May: Syrian Armed Forces recapture the entire city of Damascus. 2024 December: Syrian opposition forces captured the city.
See also Timeline of Syrian history Timelines of other cities in Syria: Aleppo, Hama, Homs, Latakia
References
Bibliography
Published in 19th century
. (+ 1898 ed.)
Published in 20th century
R. Stephen Humphreys. "Urban Topography and Urban Society: Damascus under the Ayyubids and Mamluks." In his, Islamic History: A Framework for Inquiry. Minneapolis, 1988. pp. 209–32. Michael Chamberlain, Knowledge and Social Practice in Medieval Damascus, 1190–1350. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994. pp. 27–68.
Published in 21st century
External links