The Kamarupa inscriptions are a number of 5th-century to early 13th-century rock, copper plate and clay seal inscriptions associated with the rulers and their subordinates of the Kamarupa region. The common language of these inscriptions is Sanskrit. The earliest of these inscriptions, the Umachal and Nagajari-Khanikargaon rock inscriptions, belong to the 5th century and written in a script which was nearly identical to the eastern variety of the Gupta script. There is a steady evolution in the script over the centuries, and last of the scripts, for example the Kanai-boroxiboa inscription using a proto-Assamese script. The script in this period is called the Kamarupi script, which continues development as the Medieval Assamese script from the 13th to the 19th century and emerges as the modern Assamese script.
Though the language is Sanskrit, there appear systematic Prakriticisms that indicate an underlying colloquial Indo-Aryan language, called Kamarupi Prakrit."... (it shows) that in Ancient Assam there were three languages viz. (1) Sanskrit as the official language and the language of the learned few, (2) Non-Aryan tribal languages of the Austric and Tibeto-Burman families, and (3) a local variety of Prakrit (ie a MIA) wherefrom, in course of time, the modern Assamese language as a MIL, emerged."
List of inscriptions The list below is from , and the numbers in the list correspond to the ones given in the find spot map. Name Kind Ruler Date Find spot Find Year 1 Umachal Rock Surendravarman 5th century Nilachal Hills, Guwahati 2 Nagajari-Khanikargaon Rock - 5th century Khanikargaon, Golaghat 3 Barganga Rock Bhutivarman 6th century Barganga river, Nagaon 4 Dubi Copper plate Bhaskarvarman 7th century Dubi village, Kamrup 5 Nidhanpur Copper plate Bhaskarvarman 7th century Nidhanpur village, Sylhet, Bangladesh 6 Nalanda Clay seals Bhaskarvarman 7th century Nalanda, site-1, monastery 1 7 Sankara Narayana Image Sri Jivara 8th century Deopani, Golaghat 8 Hari-Hara Image Diglekhavarman 8th century Deopani, Golaghat 9 Gauhati Copper bell Srikumara 8th century Guwahati 10 Tezpur Rock Harjaravarman 830 CE Tezpur 11 Hayunthal Copper plate Harjaravarman 9th century Hayunthal, Karbi Hills 12 Surya Image (not known) 9th century Kaki, Nagaon 13 Deopani Vishnu Image - 9th century Deopani, Golaghat 14 Tezpur Copper plate Vanamalavarmadeva 9th century Tezpur 14a Parbatiya Copper plate Vanamalavarmadeva 9th century Parbatiya village, Tezpur 14b Kaliabor Copper plate Vanamalavarmadeva 9th century Dighali village, Nagaon 15 Uttarbarbil Copper plate Balavarman III 9th century Uttarbarbil village, Karbi Hills 16 Ulubari Copper plate Balavarman III 9th century Ulubari village, Darrang 17 Nagaon Copper plate Balavarman III 9th century Sutargaon village, Nagaon 18 Bargaon Copper plate Ratnapala 1035 CE Naharhabi village, Tezpur 19 Suwalkuci Copper plate Ratnapala 1036 CE Suwalkuci village, Kamrup 20 Coratbari Copper plate Ratnapala 11th century Coratbari village, Nagaon 21 Gauhati Copper plate Indrapala 1058 Barpanara village, Kamrup 22 Guwakuci Copper plate Indrapala 1071 Guwakuci village, Nalbari 23 Gachtal Copper plate Gopalavarman 1080 Gachtal village, Nagaon 24 Subhankarapataka Copper plate Dharmapala 12th century (not known) 25 Pushpabhadra Copper plate Dharmapala 12th century Pushpabhadra river bed, North Guwahati 26 Khonamukh Copper plate Dharmapala 12th century Khonamukh village, Nagaon 27 Kamauli Copper plate Vaidyadeva 1142 Kamauli, Uttar Pradesh 28 Assam Copper plate Vallabhadeva 1185 Tezpur 29 Kanai-Boroxiboa Rock (not known) 1206 North Guwahati 30 Ambari Stone Samudrapala 1232The Ambari inscription of 1232 C.E. mentioned the existence of Satra institution at Ambari, established by king Samudrapala at Yogihati, in which rituals were performed and was attached to royal residence. The inscription bears mixed characters of Devnagari and old Assamese script having similarity with few characters of inscribed images of Ambari. Guwahati 31 Gachtal Pillar (not known) 1362 Gachtal, Nagaon
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