This is a checklist of American reptiles found in Northern America, based primarily on publications by the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles (SSAR). It includes all species of Bermuda, Canada, Greenland, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, and the United States including recently introduced species such as chameleons, the Nile monitor, and the Burmese python. Subspecies are listed only in a few cases. The information about range and status of almost all of these species can be found also in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species site.
(I) = Introduced species Summary of 2006 IUCN Red List categories. Conservation status – IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: – extinct, – extinct in the wild – critically endangered, – endangered, – vulnerable – near threatened, – least concern – data deficient, – not evaluated (v. 2013.2, the data is current as of March 5, 2014) and Endangered Species Act: – endangered, – threatened , – experimental non-essential or essential population , – endangered or threatened due to similarity of appearance (the data is current as of March 28, 2014)
Order: Crocodilia
Family: Alligatoridae Alligators American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) Spectacled caiman (Caiman crocodilus) (I)
Family: Crocodylidae Subfamily: Crocodylinae
Crocodiles American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) (FL: only)
Order: Testudines (turtles)
Suborder: Pleurodira
Family: Podocnemididae (side-necked turtles) Yellow-spotted Amazon River turtle (Podocnemis unifilis) (I)
Suborder: Cryptodira
Family: Testudinidae (tortoises)
Gopher tortoises Gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) Berlandier's tortoise (Gopherus berlandieri) Bolson tortoise (Gopherus flavomarginatus) Mojave Desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) (AZ south and east of Colorado R.: only) and: Sonoran Desert tortoise (Gopherus morafkai) Typical tortoises Indian star tortoise (Geochelone elegans) (I)
Family: Emydidae Subfamily: Emydinae
Pond turtles Species split from former western pond turtle (Actinemys marmorata) : Northwestern pond turtle (Actinemys (marmorata) marmorata) Southwestern pond turtle (Actinemys (marmorata) pallida) Spotted turtle (Clemmys guttata) Wood turtle (Glyptemys insculpta) Bog turtle (Glyptemys muhlenbergii) (GA, NC, SC, TN, VA: only)
Blanding's turtle Blanding's turtle (Emydoidea blandingii)
Box turtles Eastern box turtle (Terrapene carolina) and: Florida box turtle (Terrapene (carolina) bauri) Three-toed box turtle (Terrapene triunguis) Ornate box turtle (Terrapene ornata)
Subfamily: Deirochelyinae
Sliders Pond slider (Trachemys scripta) Mexican plateau slider (Trachemys gaigeae) Jamaican slider (Trachemys terrapen) (I)
Painted turtles Painted turtle (Chrysemys picta) and: Southern painted turtle (Chrysemys dorsalis)
Chicken turtles Chicken turtle (Deirochelys reticularia)
Map turtles Barbour's map turtle (Graptemys barbouri) Cagle's map turtle (Graptemys caglei) Escambia map turtle (Graptemys ernsti) Yellow-blotched map turtle (Graptemys flavimaculata) Northern map turtle (Graptemys geographica) Pascagoula map turtle (Graptemys gibbonsi) and: Pearl River map turtle (Graptemys pearlensis) Black-knobbed map turtle (Graptemys nigrinoda) Ringed map turtle (Graptemys oculifera) Species split from the Ouachita map turtle (Graptemys ouachitensis) : Ouachita map turtle (Graptemys (ouachitensis) ouachitensis) Sabine map turtle (Graptemys (ouachitensis) sabinensis) False map turtle (Graptemys pseudogeographica) Alabama map turtle (Graptemys pulchra) Texas map turtle (Graptemys versa)
Diamond-backed terrapin Diamond-backed terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin)
Redbelly turtles and cooters Alabama red-bellied cooter (Pseudemys alabamensis) River cooter (Pseudemys concinna) and: Florida cooter (Pseudemys (concinna) floridana) Suwannee cooter (Pseudemys suwanniensis) Rio Grande cooter (Pseudemys gorzugi) Florida red-bellied cooter (Pseudemys nelsoni) Peninsula cooter (Pseudemys peninsularis) Northern red-bellied cooter (Pseudemys rubriventris) (Plymouth red-bellied turtle (P. r. bangsi): ) Texas cooter (Pseudemys texana)
Family: Cheloniidae
Olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) Loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) (North Pacific: , Northwest Atlantic: ) Kemp's ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys kempii) Green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) (Hawaiian subpopulation: , Breeding colony populations in FL: ) Hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata)
Family: Dermochelyidae Leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) (East Pacific Ocean subpopulation – i.e. Hawaiian Is.: , West Pacific Ocean subpopulation: , Northwest Atlantic Ocean subpopulation: )
Family: Chelydridae Snapping turtles Snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina)
Alligator snapping turtles Species split from the alligator snapping turtle (Macrochelys temminckii) : Alligator snapping turtle (Macrochelys temminckii) including: Apalachicola alligator snapping turtle (Macrochelys apalachicolae) (currently not recognized) Suwannee alligator snapping turtle (Macrochelys suwanniensis)
Family: Kinosternidae Mud turtles Arizona mud turtle (Kinosternon (flavescens) stejnegeri)(formerly Kinosternon arizonense ) Striped mud turtle (Kinosternon baurii) Yellow mud turtle (Kinosternon flavescens) Rough-footed mud turtle (Kinosternon hirtipes) Sonora mud turtle (Kinosternon sonoriense) Species split from the eastern mud turtle (Kinosternon subrubrum) : Eastern mud turtle (Kinosternon subrubrum) Florida mud turtle (Kinosternon (subrubrum) steindachneri)
Musk turtles
Razor-backed musk turtle (Sternotherus carinatus) Flattened musk turtle (Sternotherus depressus) Loggerhead musk turtle (Sternotherus minor) and: Stripe-necked musk turtle (Sternotherus (minor) peltifer) (split from S. minor) Intermediate musk turtle (Sternotherus intermedius) Eastern musk turtle (Sternotherus odoratus)
Giant musk turtles Pacific Coast giant musk turtle (Staurotypus salvinii) (I)
Family: Trionychidae (softshells) Florida softshell (Apalone ferox) Smooth softshell (Apalone mutica) Spiny softshell (Apalone spinifera) Wattle-necked softshell (Palea steindachneri) (I) (Hawaii only) Chinese softshell (Pelodiscus sinensis) (I) (Hawaii only)
Order: Squamata (scaled reptiles) Suborder: Iguania Family: Agamidae (agamas) Subfamily: Agaminae Peters's rock agama (Agama picticauda) (I) Indochinese bloodsucker (Calotes mystaceus) (I) Variable bloodsucker (Calotes versicolor) (I)
Subfamily: Leiolepidinae Butterfly lizard (Leiolepis belliana) (I) Red-banded butterfly lizard (Leiolepis rubritaeniata) (I)
Family: Chamaeleonidae (chameleons) Subfamily: Chamaeleoninae Veiled chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) (I) Jackson's chameleon (Trioceros jacksonii) (I) Oustalet's chameleon (Furcifer oustaleti) (I) Panther chameleon (Furcifer pardalis) (I)
Family: Crotaphytidae (collared and leopard lizards)
Collared lizards Great Basin collared lizard (Crotaphytus bicinctores) Eastern collared lizard (Crotaphytus collaris) Sonoran collared lizard (Crotaphytus nebrius) Reticulate collared lizard (Crotaphytus reticulatus) Baja California collared lizard (Crotaphytus vestigium)
Leopard lizards Cope's leopard lizard (Gambelia copeii) Blunt-nosed leopard lizard (Gambelia sila) Long-nosed leopard lizard (Gambelia wislizenii)
Family: Iguanidae (iguanas)
San Esteban spinytail iguana (Ctenosaura conspicuosa) (I) Sonoran spiny-tailed iguana (Ctenosaura macrolopha) (I) Mexican spiny-tailed iguana (Ctenosaura pectinata) (I) Gray's spiny-tailed iguana (Ctenosaura similis) (I) Desert iguana (Dipsosaurus dorsalis) Green iguana (Iguana iguana) (I)
Chuckwallas Common chuckwalla (Sauromalus ater)
Family: Phrynosomatidae Zebratail lizards Zebra-tailed lizard (Callisaurus draconoides)
Greater earless lizards Greater earless lizard (Cophosaurus texanus)
Lesser earless lizards Species split from the spot-tailed earless lizard (Holbrookia lacerata) : Northern spot-tailed earless lizard (Holbrookia lacerata) Southern spot-tailed earless lizard (Holbrookia (lacerata) subcaudalis) Species split from the common lesser earless lizard (Holbrookia maculata): Common lesser earless lizard (Holbrookia maculata) and: Speckled earless lizard (Holbrookia (maculata) approximans) (currently not recognized, split from H. maculata) Elegant earless lizard (Holbrookia elegans) Keeled earless lizard (Holbrookia propinqua)
Banded rock lizards Mearns's rock lizard (Petrosaurus mearnsi)
Horned lizards
Texas horned lizard (Phrynosoma cornutum) and: Blainville's horned lizard (Phrynosoma blainvillii) Short-horned lizards (Phrynosoma douglasii species complex): Pygmy short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma douglasii) Species treated by SSAR as subspecies of the greater short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma hernandesi) Hernandez's short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma hernandesi) Plains short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma brevirostris) New Mexico short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma ornatissimum) Baur's short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma bauri) San Luis Valley short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma diminutum) Desert horned lizard (Phrynosoma platyrhinos) and: Goode's horned lizard (Phrynosoma goodei) Flat-tail horned lizard (Phrynosoma mcallii) Round-tailed horned lizard (Phrynosoma modestum) Regal horned lizard (Phrynosoma solare)
Spiny lizards Dunes sagebrush lizard (Sceloporus arenicolus) Desert spiny lizard (Sceloporus magister) and: Twin-spotted spiny lizard (Sceloporus bimaculosus) Yellow-backed spiny lizard (Sceloporus uniformis) Clark's spiny lizard (Sceloporus clarkii) Species split from the eastern fence lizard (Sceloporus undulatus) : Eastern fence lizard (Sceloporus undulatus) Prairie lizard (Sceloporus consobrinus) Southwestern fence lizard (Sceloporus cowlesi) Plateau fence lizard (Sceloporus tristichus) Rough-scaled lizard (Sceloporus serrifer) and: Blue spiny lizard (Sceloporus cyanogenys) Common sagebrush lizard (Sceloporus graciosus) and: Southern sagebrush lizard (Sceloporus (graciosus) vandenburgianus) (split from S. graciosus) Graphic spiny lizard (Sceloporus grammicus) Yarrow's spiny lizard (Sceloporus jarrovii) Canyon lizard (Sceloporus merriami) Western fence lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis) and: Island fence lizard (Sceloporus becki) (split from S. occidentalis) Texas spiny lizard (Sceloporus olivaceus) Granite spiny lizard (Sceloporus orcutti) Crevice spiny lizard (Sceloporus poinsettii) Slevin's bunchgrass lizard (Sceloporus slevini) Rose-bellied lizard (Sceloporus variabilis) , but only: Texas rose-bellied lizard (Sceloporus (variabilis) marmoratus) (split from S. variabilis) Striped plateau lizard (Sceloporus virgatus) Florida scrub lizard (Sceloporus woodi) Ornate spiny lizard (Sceloporus ornatus)
Fringe-toed lizards Coachella fringe-toed lizard (Uma inornata) Colorado Desert fringe-toed lizard (Uma notata) and: Yuman fringe-toed lizard (Uma rufopunctata) Mohave fringe-toed lizard (Uma scoparia) Mohawk Dunes fringe-toed lizard (Uma thurmanae)
Tree and brush lizards Long-tailed brush lizard (Urosaurus graciosus) Small-scaled lizard (Urosaurus microscutatus) (formerly merged with U. nigricaudus ) Ornate tree lizard (Urosaurus ornatus)
Side-blotched lizards Common sideblotched lizard (Uta stansburiana)
Family: Dactyloidae (anoles)
Green anole (Anolis carolinensis) Hispaniolan green anole (Anolis chlorocyanus) (I) Large-headed anole (Anolis cybotes) (I) Knight anole (Anolis equestris) (I) Cuban green anole (Anolis porcatus) (I) Crested anole (Anolis cristatellus) (I) Species split from the bark anole (Anolis distichus): Bark anole (Anolis distichus) (I) Anolis (distichus) dominicensis (I) Anolis (distichus) ignigularis (I) Allison's anole (Anolis allisoni) (I)