The GM Small Gasoline Engine (SGE) is a family of small-displacement, inline three- and four-cylinder gasoline engines ranging from 1.0 L to 1.5 L, developed by Opel Automobile GmbH, Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation (SAIC), MG Motor (MG), Shanghai GM (SGM), and the Pan-Asia Technical Automotive Center (PATAC).
The new global family is designed to improve fuel economy, performance, and emissions, while reducing noise and vibrations. To achieve this, it features a lightweight design and advanced technologies like gasoline direct injection, turbocharging, variable-length intake manifolds, and alternative fuel compatibility. It uses a modular approach with interchangeable components that can be suited to specific applications.
The SGE has been available in the following displacements: I3 DI DCVCP turbo stroke, I3 PFI stroke, I4 DI DCVCP turbo stroke, and I4 PFI stroke All engines share a common block design (depending on the number of cylinders) and a bore with bore spacing. The one-stage single-scroll turbocharger in turbocharged variants is supplied by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries.
To reduce noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) levels, the direct injection fuel rail mounts to the cylinder head and valve cover via bushings that isolate the loud ticking noise that injector pintles make. GM claims that the 1.0-liter turbo is 25 percent (3 dBA) quieter than the Ford Fiesta's 1.0-liter turbo, and the 1.4-liter is up to 50 percent (6 dBA) quieter than the VW/Audi 1.4-liter turbo. Other silencing measures include a bed-plate cylinder block that increases stiffness and a stiffened aluminum front cam cover. Three-cylinder variants get a balance shaft that is integrated with the oil pump and located inside the two-piece aluminum oil pan to prevent radiated noise. The shaft counter-rotates at engine speed. GM claims that the EcoTec three-cylinder idles more smoothly than Ford's three-cylinder, which does not use a shaft.
All turbocharged variants provide 90 percent of their maximum torque between 1500 and 5000 rpm, with peak power arriving between 5600 and 6000 rpm. The MHI turbochargers are sized to provide quick torque response, and are mounted very close to the cylinders, thanks to cylinder heads that incorporate the exhaust manifolds in the head.
To reduce mass, the engines are compact in all directions, made almost entirely of aluminum, and feature composite intake manifolds. This removes from the previous 1.4-liter turbo in the Cruze and makes it lighter than the 1.4-liter VW turbo. GM says this engine weighs , ready for installation.
The engines debuted in the 2014 Opel Adam and were first produced in Szentgotthárd, Hungary. They have also been produced in Changwon, South Korea; Toluca, Mexico; Spring Hill, Tennessee; Flint, Michigan; and Shanghai, China. By 2018, the new engine family had spread to other brands and markets, replacing three separate engine families (S-TEC, Family 0, and Family 1).
The assembly lines for North American facilities were manufactured by Hirata Corporation at its powertrain facility in Kumamoto, Japan.
Non-Opel Variants
1.4
LV7 The LV7 is the multi-point fuel injection 1.4 L naturally-aspirated variant of the SGE, with a bore and stroke for a total capacity of . Compression ratio is 10.6:1 and the engine can run on regular unleaded grade gasoline. Assembly is in Changwon, South Korea.
Year(s) Model Power Torque2016–2022Chevrolet Spark at 6200 rpm at 4400 rpm
LE2
The LE2 is the direct-injection 1.4 L turbocharged variant of the SGE, with a bore and stroke for a total capacity of . Compression ratio is 10.0:1 and the engine can run on regular grade gasoline. The LE2 is also paired with a start-stop system in some vehicles.
Year(s) Model Power Torque2016Buick Encore Sport Touring at 5600 rpm at 2000–4000 rpm2017–2019Buick Encore (Optional)2016–2019Chevrolet Cruze2021–2022Buick Encore at 5600 rpm2021–2022Chevrolet Trax
1.5
L3A The L3A is the direct-injection 1.5 L naturally-aspirated variant of the SGE used in the second-generation Chevrolet Volt, with a bore and stroke for a total capacity of . The compression ratio is 12.5:1 and the engine can run on regular unleaded-grade gasoline. Maximum engine speed is 6000 rpm.
Year(s) Model Power Torque2016–2019Chevrolet Volt at 5600 rpm at 4300 rpm2017–2019Buick Velite 5 at 5800 rpm at 4400 rpm2024–MG 3 at 6000 rpm at 4500 rpm2020–MG 5 at 6000 rpm at 4500 rpm2024–MG 3 Hybrid+ at 6000 rpm at 4500 rpm
LFV The LFV is a direct-injection 1.5 L turbocharged SGE variant, with a bore and stroke for a total capacity of . Compression ratio is 10.0:1 and the engine can run on regular unleaded-grade gasoline. Maximum engine speed is 6500 rpm. Automatic Start-Stop is available with this engine. Assembly is in Shanghai (China), Changwon (South Korea), Toluca (Mexico), Spring Hill (Tennessee), and Flint (Michigan).
Year(s) Model Power Torque2016–2025Chevrolet Malibu at 5700 rpm at 2000–4000 rpm2016–Buick LaCrosse at 5600 rpm at 1700–4000 rpm2016–2021Buick Envision2018–MG HS at 5600 rpm at 1700–4400 rpm2020–MG 5 LE at 5600 rpm at 1750–4000 rpm2021–MG 6 PRO at 5600 rpm at 1500–4000 rpm2022–MG 5 Scorpio Edition
LYX The LYX is a direct-injection 1.5 L turbocharged SGE variant, with a bore and stroke for a total capacity of . Compression ratio is 10.0:1 and uses regular unleaded gasoline.
Year(s) Model Power Torque2018–MG HS FFV at 5600 rpm at 1700–4400 rpm2020–MG HS PHEV at 5500 rpm at 1700–4300 rpm2018–2022Chevrolet Equinox at 5600 rpm at 2000–4000 rpm2018–2022GMC Terrain
LSD The LSD is a direct-injection 1.5 L turbocharged SGE variant, with a bore and stroke for a total capacity of . Compression ratio is 10.0:1 and uses regular unleaded gasoline. Horsepower has increased to (from 170 hp on the LYX) while torque remains at . Hardware enhancements include a higher-pressure fuel system (35 MPa vs 20 MPa), enhanced piston design with PVD coating, and precise intake phaser positioning which optimize efficiency and contribute to overall performance.
Year(s) Model Power Torque2023–Chevrolet Equinox at 5600 rpm at 2000–4000 rpm2023–GMC Terrain
Opel Variants Variant # cylinder Bore x stroke Displacement Aspiration Compression Ratio Power output Torque Applications Years ofproductionB10XEInline-3Naturally aspiratedIndirect injection10.5:1at 6500 rpmat 4500 rpmOpel Karlfrom 03/2015B10XFLDirect injectionturboat 3700–6000 rpmat 1800–3700 rpmOpel Adam 1.0 SGEfrom 11/2014Opel Corsa E 1.0 SGE Turboat 5000 rpmat 1800–4250 rpmOpel Astra K 1.0 Turbofrom 07/2015B10XFTat 5000–6000 rpmat 1800–4500 rpmOpel Adam 1.0 SGEfrom 11/2014Opel Corsa E 1.0 SGE Turbo (115 CV)B14XEInline-4Naturally aspiratedIndirect injection10.6:1at 6000 rpmat 4000 rpmOpel Astra K 1.4 16vfrom 07/2015B14XFLDirect injectionturbo10.0:1at 4000–5600 rpmat 2000–3500 rpmOpel Astra K 1.4 Turbo B14XFTat 5000–5600 rpmOpel Astra K 1.4 Turbo B15XFL74 mm x 86.6 (2.91 in x 3.41 in)1490 cc (1.5 L)10.1:1103 kW (140 hp) at 5600 rpmat 2000–4100 rpmOpel Insignia B 1.5 Turbofrom 06/2017B15XFT121 kW (165 hp) at 5600 rpmat 2000–4500 rpmOpel Insignia B 1.5 Turbo
See also GM Family 0 engine GM Family 1 engine Daewoo S-TEC engine GM Medium Gasoline Engine GM Medium Diesel engine GM Ecotec engine List of GM engines
References
External links
http://gmpowertrain.com http://media.opel.com/content/media/intl/en/opel/news.detail.html/content/Pages/news/intl/en/2013/opel/08-07-newall-aluminium-3-zylinder-turbo.html http://articles.sae.org/12970/