A short-range device (SRD), described by ECC Recommendation 70-03, is a radio-frequency transmitter device used in telecommunication that has little capability of causing harmful interference to other radio equipment.

Short-range devices are low-power transmitters, typically limited to 25–100 mW effective radiated power (ERP) or less, depending on the frequency band, which limits their useful range to a few hundred meters, which do not require licenses to use.

Short-range Wireless technologies include Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, NearLink, near-field communication (NFC), LPWAN, ultra-wideband (UWB) and IEEE 802.15.4. They are implemented by chips fabricated as RF CMOS integrated circuit (RF circuit). , short-range wireless chips ship approximately billion units annually, with Bluetooth accounting for over 55% of shipments and Wi-Fi around 35% of shipments.

Applications for short-range wireless devices include power meters and other remote instrumentation, RFID applications, radio-controlled models, fire, security and social alarms, vehicle radars, wireless microphones and earphones, traffic signs and signals (including control signals), remote garage door openers and car keys, barcode readers, motion detectors, and many others.

The European Commission mandates through CEPT and ETSI the allocation of several device bands for these purposes, restricts the parameters of their use, and provides guidelines for avoiding radio interference.CEPT/ERC REC 70-03 (22 August 2011)ETSI EN 300 220-1 v2.3.1 (2010-02). Table 5.IDA Singapore: Technical specifications for short-range devices

Frequency bands According to ECC Rec. 70-03, there are several annexes which encapsulate specific usage patterns, maximum emission power and duty cycle requirements.

+ Frequency allocation in Rec. 70-03 Frequency Band Notes Annex 1. Non-specific short-range devices 6765–6795 kHz ISM 13.553–13.567 MHz ISM RFID26.957–27.283 MHz ISM Citizens' Band40.660–40.700 MHz ISM 138.20–138.45 MHz 433.050–434.790 MHz ISM LPD433 (70-centimeter band); also an Amateur Radio band863–870 MHz ISM SRD860915–928 MHz ISM SRD8602400.0–2483.5 MHz ISM 13-centimeter band Heavily used by Wi-Fi; also an Amateur Radio band (Up to 2450 MHz)5725–5875 MHz ISM 5-centimeter band; also an Amateur Radio band (Up to 5850 MHz)24.00–24.25 GHz ISM 1.2-centimeter band; also an Amateur Radio band61.0–61.5 GHz ISM 122–123 GHz ISM 2.5-millimeter band; also an Amateur Radio band244–246 GHz ISM 1-millimeter band; also an Amateur Radio band3.1–4.8 THz 6–9 THz Annex 2. Tracking, tracing and data acquisition456.9–457.1 kHz Detection of avalanche victims169.4–169.475 MHz Remote meter reading 169.4–169.475 MHz Asset tracking and tracing Annex 3. Wideband data transmission systems2400.0–2483.5 MHz ISM Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc. 57–66 GHz V WiGig, WirelessHD, etc. Annex 4. Railway applications 2446–2454 MHz Automatic vehicle identification systems for railways 27.090–27.100 MHz Balise tele-powering and down-link (train to ground) systems 984–7484 kHz Balise up-link (ground to train) systems 7.3–23.0 MHz Loop up-link (ground to train) systems Annex 5. Road transport and traffic telematics (RTTT) 5795–5805 MHz 5805-5815 MHz C 63–64 GHz V Vehicle to vehicle and road to vehicle systems 76–77 GHz W Vehicle radar and infrastructure radar systems 21.65–26.65 GHz K Automotive short range radars (SRR) (marketed until July 2013) 77–81 GHz W Automotive short range radars (SRR)24.050–24.075 GHz 24.075–24.150 GHz 24.150–24.250 GHz ISM Vehicle radars Annex 6. Radiodetermination applications 2400.0–2483.5 ISM 9200–9500 MHz 9500–9975 MHz 10.5–10.6 GHz 13.4–14.0 GHz 24.05–24.25 GHz ISM 4.5–7.0 GHz Tank level probing radar (TLPR) 8.5–10.6 GHz Tank level probing radar (TLPR) 24.05–27.00 GHz Tank level probing radar (TLPR) 57–64 GHz Tank level probing radar (TLPR) 75–85 GHz Tank level probing radar (TLPR) 17.1–17.3 GHz Ground-based synthetic aperture radar Annex 7. Alarms 868.6–868.7 MHz 869.250–869.300 MHz 869.650–869.700 MHz 869.200–869.250 MHz 869.300–869.400 MHz 169.4750–169.4875 MHz Social alarms (exclusive use) 169.5875–169.6000 MHz Social alarms (exclusive use) Annex 8. Model control 26.995, 27.045, 27.095, 27.145, 27.195 MHz 34.995–35.225 MHz Only for flying models 40.665, 40.675, 40.685, 40.695 MHz Annex 9. Inductive applications Annex 10. Radio microphone applications including aids for the hearing impaired 29.7–47.0 MHz except 30.3–30.5 MHz, 32.15–32.45 MHz and 41.015–47.00 MHz (harmonised military bands) 173.965–174.015 Aids for the hearing impaired 863–865 MHz Individual licence required 470–786 MHz Individual licence required 786–789 MHz Individual licence required 823–826 MHz 826–832 MHz Individual licence required 1785–1795 MHz 1795–1800 MHz Individual licence required 169.4000–169.4750 MHz Aids for the hearing impaired. Individual licence may be required 169.4875–169.5875 MHz Aids for the hearing impaired. Individual licence may be required Annex 11. Radio frequency identification applications 2446–2454 MHz 2446–2454 MHz 865.0–865.6 MHz 865.6–867.6 MHz 867.6–868.0 MHz Annex 12. Active medical implants and their associated peripherals Annex 13. Wireless audio applications 863–865 MHz 864.8–865.0 SRD860 1795–1800 MHz 87.5–108.0 MHz FM

SRD860

In Europe, 863 to 870  MHz band has been allocated for license-free operation using FHSS, DSSS, or analog modulation with either a transmission duty cycle of 0.1%, 1% or 10% depending on the band, or Listen Before Talk (LBT) with Adaptive Frequency Agility (AFA). Although this band falls under the Short Range Device umbrella, it is being used in Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) wireless telecommunication networks, designed to allow long-range communications at a low bit rate among things (connected objects).

Frequency Duty cycle Channel spacing ERP 863.0–865.0 MHz 100% (wireless audio) 10 mW 863.0–865.6 MHz 0.1% or LBT+AFA 25 mW 863.0–868.0 MHz * 25 mW wideband up to 1 MHz (data only) 865.0–868.0 MHz 1% or LBT+AFA 25 mW 865.0–868.0 MHz * 0.1% or LBT+AFA 4 frequencies 2 W (RFID only) 865.0–868.0 MHz * 10% (access points), 2.5% (other devices) 4 frequencies 500 mW (data only, power control required) 868.0–868.6 MHz 1% or LBT+AFA 25 mW 868.6–868.7 MHz 1% (alarms) 25 kHz 10 mW 868.7–869.2 MHz 0.1% or LBT+AFA 25 mW 869.2–869.25 MHz 0.1% (social alarms) 25 kHz 10 mW 869.25–869.3 MHz 0.1% (alarms) 25 kHz 10 mW 869.3–869.4 MHz 1% (alarms) 25 kHz 10 mW 869.4–869.65 MHz 10% or LBT+AFA 25 kHz 500 mW 869.65–869.7 MHz 10% (alarms) 25 kHz 25 mW 869.7–870.0 MHz 100% (voice communication) 5 mW 1% or LBT+AFA 25 mW

(* = as of 1 January 2018)

, unrestricted voice communications are allowed in the 869.7-870.0 MHz band with channel spacing of 25 kHz or less and maximum power output of 5 mW ERP.2011/829/EU: Commission Implementing Decision of 8 December 2011 amending Decision 2006/771/EC on harmonisation of the radio spectrum for use by short-range devicesExplanatory document on Commission Decision 2011/829/EU OFCOM IR 2030 - Licence Exempt Short Range Devices

SRD860 handheld transceivers were briefly available in mid 2000s, however they did not offer dual-band compatibility with PMR446 and LPD433 bands. , they have been put off-market.

From January 2018, the four RFID frequencies are also available for data networks, with a power up to 500 mW and a bandwidth of 200 kHz. The center frequencies are: 865.7, 866.3, 866.9 and 867.5 MHz. Specific restrictions on usage apply, such as a low duty cycle, LBT (listen before transmit) and APC (adaptive power control).

See also DASH7

References

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