Planaltina may refer to:
Geography Planaltina, Federal District, an administrative region in the Federal District, Brazil Planaltina, Goiás, a municipality in the state of Goiás (in the metropolitan region of Brasilia), Brazil Planaltina do Paraná, a municipality in the state of Paraná, Brazil
Sport Planaltina Esporte Clube, a football club of the Federal District, Brazil
Biology Planaltina (fish), a genus of characins endemic to Brazil Planaltina (plant), a genus of Rubiaceae endemic to Brazil