List of microorganisms used in food and beverage preparation

List of useful microorganisms used in the preparation of food and beverages

MICROORGANISM TYPE ( Bacterium / Fungus ) FOOD / BEVERAGE REFERENCE(S) Acetobacter aceti bacterium chocolate Microbe Wiki, "Chocolate" Acetobacter aceti bacterium vinegar Egon Bech Hansen, Acetobacter cerevisiae bacterium beer Acetobacter fabarum bacterium chocolate Acetobacter fabarum bacterium coffee Acetobacter lovaniensis bacteriumvegetable pickle Acetobacter malorum bacterium vinegar Acetobacter orientalis bacteriumvegetable pickle Acetobacter pasteurianus bacterium chocolate Acetobacter pasteurianus bacterium vinegar Acetobacter pomorum bacterium vinegar Acetobacter syzygii bacterium chocolate Acetobacter syzygii bacterium vinegar Acetobacter tropicalis bacterium chocolate Acetobacter tropicalis bacterium coffee Arthrobacter arilaitensis bacteriumcheese (smear-ripened) Barry A. Law and Adnan Tamime, (2011) Technology of Cheesemaking. John Wiley & Sons, pp. Google Books preview Arthrobacter bergerei bacteriumcheese (smear-ripened) Arthrobacter globiformis bacteriumcheese (smear-ripened) Arthrobacter nicotianae bacteriumcheese (smear-ripened) Arthrobacter nicotianae bacterium cheese (Tilsit) Arthrobacter variabilis bacteriumcheese (smear-ripened) Aspergillus acidus fungus tea Aspergillus niger fungusliquor awamori Aspergillus fumigatus fungus chocolate Aspergillus oryzae fungussoy miso Robert Wayne Hutkins, (2006) Microbiology and Technology of Fermented Foods. John Wiley & Sons, pp. 75–76. Google Books preview Aspergillus oryzae fungusliquor sake Aspergillus oryzae fungus soy sauce Arthur P. Riley, (2005) New Developments in Food Policy, Control and Research. Nova Publishers, p. 35. Google Books preview Aspergillus sojae fungussoy miso Aspergillus sojae fungus soy sauce Bacillus cereus bacterium chocolate Bacillus coagulans bacterium chocolate Christine L. Case, The Microbiology of Chocolate , Skyline College. Bacillus licheniformis bacterium chocolate Bacillus pumilus bacterium chocolate Bacillus sphaericus bacteriumsoy stinky tofu Bacillus stearothermophilus bacterium chocolate Bacillus subtilis bacterium chocolate Bacillus subtilis bacteriumsoy natto Bifidobacterium adolescentis bacteriumdairy yogurt Kalidas Shetty, (2006) Food biotechnology. CRC Press, pp. 222, 226, 229. Google Books preview Bifidobacterium animalis bacterium dairy Bifidobacterium bifidum bacterium dairy Bifidobacterium breve bacterium dairy Bifidobacterium breve bacterium soy Bifidobacterium infantis bacterium dairy Bifidobacterium lactis bacterium dairy Bifidobacterium longum bacterium dairy Bifidobacterium pseudolongum bacterium dairy Bifidobacterium thermophilum bacterium dairy Brachybacterium alimentarium bacteriumcheese (Beaufort) Brachybacterium alimentarium bacteriumcheese (Gruyère) nol Brachybacterium tyrofermentans bacteriumcheese (Beaufort) Brachybacterium tyrofermentans bacteriumcheese (Gruyère) Brevibacterium aurantiacum bacterium cheese Brevibacterium casei bacteriumcheese (smear-ripened) Brevibacterium linens bacteriumcheese (smear-ripened) Candida colliculosa fungus cheese Candida colliculosa fungusdairy kefir Candida exiguus fungusbread (sourdough) Candida humicola fungus chocolate Candida kefyr funguscheese (surface-ripened) Candida krusei funguscheese (surface-ripened) Candida milleri fungusbread (sourdough) Candida mycodermaNOTE: Candida mycoderma, Candida valida, and/or Candida vini are sometimes listed as a starter culture for wine, but this is not true. They only cause 'flowers of wine', a type of wine spoilage. funguscheese (Limburger) Hosono, A. and Tokita, F. (1970) "The lipolytic properties of Candida mycoderma and Debaryomyces kloeckeri isolated from Limburger cheese and some properties of the lipases produced by these yeasts." Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho 41 (10): 519–527. Candida pelliculosa fungus chocolate Candida rugosa fungus chocolate Candida tropicalis fungus chocolate Candida utilis fungus cheese Candida valida fungusbread (sourdough) Candida vini funguscheese (Reblochon), wine Candida zeylanoides funguscheese (Reblochon) Carnobacterium divergens bacterium cheese Carnobacterium divergens bacterium fish Carnobacterium divergens bacterium meat Carnobacterium maltaromaticum bacterium dairy Carnobacterium piscicola bacterium meat Corynebacterium ammoniagenes bacterium cheese Corynebacterium casei bacteriumcheese (smear-ripened) Corynebacterium flavescens bacterium cheese Corynebacterium mooreparkense bacteriumcheese (smear-ripened) Corynebacterium variabile bacterium cheese Cyberlindnera mrakii fungus wine Cystofilobasidium infirmominiatum fungus cheese Debaryomyces hansenii funguscheese (smear-ripened) Debaryomyces hansenii funguscheese (Reblochon) Debaryomyces kloeckeri funguscheese (Limburger) Enterococcus faecalis bacterium cheese Enterococcus faecalis bacteriumdairy cream Enterococcus faecalis bacteriummeat ham Enterococcus faecalis bacteriumsoy miso Enterococcus faecalis bacteriumvegetable pickle Enterococcus faecalis bacteriummeat sausage Enterococcus faecalis bacterium soy sauce Enterococcus faecium bacteriumcheese (Manchego) P. F. Fox, (2004) Cheese: Major Cheese Groups. Academic Press, p. 59, 74. Google Books preview Enterococcus faecium bacteriummeat ham Enterococcus faecium bacteriumsoy miso Enterococcus faecium bacteriumvegetable pickle Enterococcus faecium bacterium soy sauce Fusarium domesticum fungus cheese Geotrichum candidum fungus cheese Gluconacetobacter azotocaptans bacterium chocolate Gluconacetobacter azotocaptans bacterium coffee Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus bacterium chocolate Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus bacterium coffee Gluconacetobacter entanii bacterium vinegar Gluconacetobacter europaeus bacterium vinegar Gluconacetobacter hansenii bacterium vinegar Gluconacetobacter johannae bacterium chocolate Gluconacetobacter johannae bacterium coffee Gluconacetobacter oboediens bacterium vinegar Gluconacetobacter xylinus bacterium vinegar Gluconobacter oxydans bacterium chocolate Hafnia alvei bacterium cheese Halomonas elongata bacterium meat Issatchenkia orientalis fungusdairy kefir Kazachstania exigua fungusdairy kefir Kazachstania unispora fungusdairy kefir Kloeckera africana fungus chocolate Kloeckera apis fungus chocolate. Kloeckera javanica fungus chocolate Kluyveromyces lactis fungus cheese Kluyveromyces marxianus fungus cheese Kluyveromyces marxianus fungus chocolate Kocuria rhizophila bacterium cheese Kocuria rhizophila bacterium meat Kocuria varians bacterium dairy Kocuria varians bacteriummeat sausage Komagataeibacter xylinus bacteriumcoconut (nata de coco) Lactobacillus acetotolerans bacterium fruit Lactobacillus acetotolerans bacteriumbread (sourdough) Lactobacillus acetotolerans bacteriumvegetable pickle Lactobacillus acidifarinae bacteriumbread (sourdough) Lactobacillus acidipiscis bacterium dairy Lactobacillus acidipiscis bacterium fish Lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium vegetables Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteriumdairy yogurt Lactobacillus alimentarius bacterium fish Lactobacillus alimentarius bacterium meat Lactobacillus brevis bacteriumcheese (canestrato pugliese) Lactobacillus brevis bacteriumvegetable pickle Lactobacillus brevis ssp. linens bacteriumdairy kefir Lactobacillus bucheri bacterium bread Lactobacillus bucheri bacterium wine Lactobacillus cacaonum bacterium chocolate Lactobacillus casei bacteriumcheese (Idiazabal) Lactobacillus casei bacteriumcheese (Manchego) Lactobacillus casei bacteriumcheese (Roncal) Lactobacillus casei bacteriumdairy yogurt Lactobacillus casei ssp. pseudoplantarum bacteriumcheese (Grana Padano) Lactobacillus casei ssp. pseudoplantarum bacteriumcheese (Parmigiano-Reggiano) Lactobacillus cellobiosus bacterium chocolate Lactobacillus collinoides bacterium cider Lactobacillus composti bacteriumliquor shōchū Lactobacillus coryniformis bacterium cheese Lactobacillus crispatus bacteriumbread (sourdough) Lactobacillus curvatus bacteriumcheese (cacio di Fossa) Lactobacillus curvatus bacteriumcheese (canestrato pugliese) Lactobacillus curvatus bacteriumcheese (pecorino romano) Lactobacillus curvatus bacteriumcheese (pecorino sardo) Lactobacillus curvatus bacteriummeat sausage Lactobacillus delbrueckii bacterium vegetables Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus bacterium cheese Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus bacteriumdairy yogurt Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. lactis bacteriumcheese (pecorino romano) Lactobacillus dextrinicus bacterium meat Lactobacillus diolivorans bacteriumliquor chicha Lactobacillus fabifermentans bacterium chocolate Lactobacillus farciminis bacterium fish Lactobacillus farciminis bacterium soy Lactobacillus fermentum bacterium chocolate Lactobacillus fermentum bacteriumcheese (pecorino romano) Lactobacillus fermentum bacteriumbread (sourdough) Lactobacillus gasseri bacterium dairy Lactobacillus gasseri bacteriumbread (sourdough) Lactobacillus ghanensis bacterium chocolate Lactobacillus hammesii bacteriumbread (sourdough) Lactobacillus harbinensis bacterium vegetables Lactobacillus helveticus bacterium cheese (Emmental) Lactobacillus helveticus bacterium vegetables Lactobacillus hilgardii bacterium chocolate Lactobacillus hilgardii bacterium wine Lactobacillus homohiochii bacteriumliquor sake Lactobacillus homohiochii bacteriumbread (sourdough) Lactobacillus jensenii bacterium bread Lactobacillus johnsonii bacterium dairy Lactobacillus johnsonii bacteriumbread (sourdough) Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens bacteriumdairy kefir Lactobacillus kefiri bacteriumdairy kefir Lactobacillus kimchii bacteriumvegetable kimchi Lactobacillus kisonensis bacteriumvegetable pickle Lactobacillus kunkeei bacterium wine David Hendricks Bergey and David R. Boone, (2009) Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology, Volume 3: The Firmicutes. Springer–Verlag, p. 502 Google Books preview Lactobacillus mali bacterium cider Lactobacillus mali bacterium rum Lactobacillus mali bacterium wine Lactobacillus manihotivorans bacteriumliquor cassava Lactobacillus mindensis bacteriumbread (sourdough) Lactobacillus mucosae bacteriumbread (sourdough) Lactobacillus nagelii bacterium wine Lactobacillus namuresis bacteriumbread (sourdough) Lactobacillus nantesis bacteriumbread (sourdough) Lactobacillus nodensis bacterium dairy Lactobacillus oeni bacterium wine Lactobacillus otakiensis bacteriumvegetable pickle Lactobacillus panis bacteriumbread (sourdough) Lactobacillus parabrevis bacterium cheese Lactobacillus parabrevis bacteriumdairy kefir Lactobacillus parabrevis bacterium vegetables Lactobacillus parabuchneri bacteriumbread (sourdough) Lactobacillus paracasei bacterium dairy Lactobacillus paracasei bacterium meat Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei bacteriumcheese (cacio di Fossa) Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei bacteriumcheese (canestrato pugliese) Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei bacteriumcheese (pecorino sardo) Lactobacillus parakefiri bacteriumdairy kefir Lactobacillus paralimentarius bacteriumbread (sourdough) Lactobacillus paraplantarum bacterium cheese Lactobacillus paraplantarum bacterium vegetables Lactobacillus pentosus bacteriumcheese (canestrato pugliese) Lactobacillus pentosus bacterium fish Lactobacillus pentosus bacterium fruit Lactobacillus pentosus bacterium wine Lactobacillus perolens bacterium cheese Lactobacillus perolens bacterium vegetables Lactobacillus plantarum bacteriumcheese (cacio di Fossa) Lactobacillus plantarum bacteriumcheese (canestrato pugliese) Lactobacillus plantarum bacterium chocolate Lactobacillus plantarum bacteriumcheese (Idiazabal) Lactobacillus plantarum bacteriumcheese (Manchego) Lactobacillus plantarum bacteriumcheese (pecorino romano) Lactobacillus plantarum bacteriumcheese (Roncal) Lactobacillus plantarum bacteriummeat sausage Lactobacillus plantarum bacterium vegetables Lactobacillus pobuzihii bacterium fruit Lactobacillus pontis bacteriumbread (sourdough) Lactobacillus rapi bacteriumvegetable pickle Lactobacillus rapi bacterium vegetables Lactobacillus reuteri ba