The Monroe County, New York, Department of Transportation maintains of roads as county routes. Unlike most counties in New York, Monroe County does not post reassurance markers along its county routes. In fact, the only field reference to a route's designation are reference markers posted at bridges and culverts along the highway, which carry the county route number on the second line. Routes that do not cross either type of structure at some point are completely unsigned. As a result, county routes in Monroe County are widely known by their road name and not by their number.

Route numbers were initially assigned across the county from east to west, beginning at the Wayne County line and generally progressing westward to the Orleans County line. Subsequent routes (those above County Route 238 or CR 238) do not follow this pattern and are located in all areas of the county. As a general rule, east–west routes have designations ending in an odd number while north–south highways carry designations ending in an even number. Several county routes partially or wholly overlap with New York state touring routes, serving as internal designations for county-maintained segments of those routes.

2007 system changes Several county routes were created, modified, or eliminated following a November 26, 2007, highway maintenance swap between Monroe County and the state of New York. The transaction gave ownership of several county highways to the state, specifically county-maintained sections of New York State Route 19 (NY 19), NY 31, NY 252, NY 259, NY 260, and NY 441, and the county-owned Colonel Patrick O'Rorke Memorial Bridge. In return, the county assumed maintenance of five reference routes (NY 940G, NY 941L, NY 941P, NY 942B, and NY 943B), two sections of NY 386, and all of NY 252A and NY 360.

All of the county route numbers assigned to the formerly county-owned sections of state routes were eliminated except for CR 236, assigned to a portion of NY 31 on Redman Road west of Brockport, and CR 99, assigned to the O'Rorke Bridge and Pattonwood Drive between the Rochester city line and CR 124. The now-state-owned section of Redman Road split the formerly continuous CR 236 into two segments, while CR 99 was truncated to begin at the east end of the new NY 943F at CR 124.

CR 236 was also one of several routes that gained mileage as part of the swap. The highway was extended northward from its previous terminus at the junction of Redman and Church (NY 360) roads to cover two previously state-maintained sections of Redman Road in the far northwestern corner of the county, creating an overlap with part of NY 360 and replacing NY 941P, itself formerly NY 215. CR 1, previously assigned to the portion of Lake Road east of NY 250, was extended west to the Irondequoit Bay outlet over former NY 941L, once the easternmost segment of NY 18. CR 270 and CR 84 were also extended to cover NY 942B and NY 940G, respectively.

Four other routes—CR 119, CR 158, CR 168, and CR 234—were modified to cover now county-owned parts of NY 252A, NY 360, and NY 386 that connected to one of the county route's previous endpoints. Lastly, four additional highways transferred to the county—two sections of NY 386, a piece of NY 360, and NY 943B—received new county route designations.

Routes 1–50 Route Length(mi) Length(km) From Via To Notes Irondequoit Bay Outlet Bridge Lake Road in Webster Wayne County line (becomes CR 101) Part west of NY 250 was formerly NY 941L Whitney Road Monroe–Wayne County Line Road in Webster Wayne County line (becomes CR 100) NY 250 Schlegel Road in Webster CR 2 NY 404 Basket Road in Webster CR 1 CR 16 Klem Road in Webster CR 8 NY 441 / CR 30 in Penfield Salt Road CR 1 in Webster CR 16 Ridge Road in Webster NY 404 Former number; transferred to town in 1990s CR 9 Phillips Road in Webster CR 1 CR 11 in Penfield State Road CR 2 in Webster NY 404 Holt Road in Webster CR 1 NY 404 Plank Road in Penfield Wayne County line (becomes CR 201) CR 5 Whiting Road in Webster CR 1 NY 286 Whalen Road in Penfield NY 250 NY 404 Gravel Road in Webster CR 5 Brighton town line in Penfield Linden Avenue CR 17 in Perinton Part east of NY 153 was formerly part of NY 253 NY 404 / CR 22 in Penfield Bay Road CR 1 in Webster CR 18 at Penfield town line Whitney Road in Perinton CR 42 Part north of CR 15 was formerly part of NY 253 CR 17 at Perinton town line in Penfield Five Mile Line Road CR 5 in Webster Part south of NY 441 was formerly part of NY 253 CR 28 Furman Road in Perinton CR 30 Former number CR 260 in Penfield Jackson Road NY 404 in Webster NY 31 Ayrault Road in Perinton CR 46 NY 286 / Blossom Road (NY 941V) Creek Street in Penfield NY 404 / CR 16 NY 96 Garnsey Road in Perinton CR 50 CR 13 Scribner Road in Penfield NY 286 Former number CR 56 in Pittsford Park Road NY 96 in Perinton NY 441 / CR 28 in Penfield Harris Road CR 9 in Webster NY 96 Kreag Road in Perinton CR 21 Perinton town line Huber Road in Penfield NY 441 / CR 26 CR 68 in Pittsford Woolston Road Powder Mills Park east boundary in Perinton CR 17 in Perinton Carter Road NY 441 / CR 6 in Penfield NY 65 in Pittsford Canfield Road CR 66 in Mendon CR 66 Canfield Road in Pittsford NY 64 NY 65 Canfield Road Spur in Pittsford CR 31 (1) CR 31 (1) Canfield Road Spur in Mendon CR 64 CR 17 / CR 50 in Perinton Watson Road NY 441 in Penfield CR 66 in Pittsford Thornell Road NY 96 in Perinton NY 31F in Perinton Baird Road NY 441 in Penfield NY 153 in Pittsford Golf Avenue CR 38 in Perinton NY 31F / CR 38 in Perinton South Lincoln Road Despatch Drive in East Rochester CR 92 in Henrietta Stone Road NY 64 / Mendon Center Road (NY 943C) in Pittsford NY 96 in Perinton Marsh Road NY 31F / CR 36 in Perinton NY 15 in Henrietta Calkins Road NY 65 / Mendon Center Road (NY 943C) in Pittsford CR 21 Jefferson Avenue in Perinton NY 31F NY 65 Willard Road in Pittsford CR 64 NY 31F Howell Road in Perinton CR 17 CR 92 in Henrietta Williams Road NY 65 / CR 45 in Mendon CR 21 Lyndon Road in Perinton NY 31F NY 65 / CR 43 Pond Road in Mendon CR 66 NY 65 Pond Road Spur in Mendon CR 45 (1) NY 31 Aldrich Road in Perinton CR 21 CR 64 Smith Road in Mendon CR 70 NY 31 Mason Road in Perinton CR 21 Former number NY 65 Cheese Factory Road in Mendon NY 64 Ontario County line in Perinton Turk Hill Road CR 17 / CR 32 in Perinton Overlaps with NY 31F between Church Street and High Street in Fairport

Routes 51–100 Route Length(mi) Length(km) From Via To Notes CR 66 Parish Road in Mendon NY 64 Ontario County line (becomes CR 9) Victor Road in Perinton NY 31 Also known as "Victor-Egypt Road" CR 243 at Honeoye Falls village line Boughton Hill Road in Mendon Ontario County line (becomes CR 41) Ontario County line Fishers Road in Perinton NY 96 Former number CR 64 Bulls Saw Mill Road in Mendon CR 66 CR 70 at Mendon town line East Street in Pittsford NY 96 NY 251 Stoney Lonesome Road in Mendon NY 65 NY 96 in Pittsford South Street NY 31 in Pittsford village Former number NY 15A Sibley Road in Mendon NY 65 NY 31 / CR 239 Allen Creek Road in Brighton NY 65 / CR 271 Monroe Street (NY 940J) Maplewood Avenue in Honeoye Falls NY 65 CR 64 / Calkins Road (NY 943C) Tobey Road in Pittsford CR 37 CR 37 Tobey Road in Pittsford NY 65 CR 84 in Rush Honeoye Falls No. 6 Road CR 94 at Honeoye Falls village line in Mendon NY 251 in Mendon Mendon Center Road CR 62 / Calkins Road (NY 943C) in Pittsford CR 94 Rush–West Rush Road in Rush NY 15A Ontario County line in Mendon (becomes CR 35) West Bloomfield Road NY 64 in Pittsford CR 84 Rush–Henrietta Town Line Road NY 15A CR 29 Railroad Mills Road in Pittsford CR 25 NY 15A Ward Hill Road in Henrietta CR 92 NY 251 Mile Square Road in Mendon CR 56 at Pittsford town line NY 15 / Erie Station Road (NY 943E) Erie Station Road in Henrietta NY 15A CR 92 Reeves Road in Henrietta CR 90 CR 45 Douglas Road in Mendon CR 31 CR 84 Martin Road in Henrietta CR 86 Former number CR 78 Phelps Road in Rush NY 15A CR 84 Brooks Road in Henrietta NY 15 / NY 253 Livingston County line (becomes CR 65) Works Road in Rush CR 76 CR 84 Lehigh Station Road in Henrietta NY 15 / NY 253 CR 63 Five Points Road in Rush CR 65 CR 84 Bailey Road in Henrietta NY 15 CR 63 Woodruff Road in Rush CR 84 CR 84 Crittenden Road in Brighton NY 15A Livingston County line in Rush (becomes CR 26) East River Road Rochester city line at Genesee Valley Park Part north of NY 252 was formerly NY 940G Rochester city line at Genesee Valley Park East River Road in Brighton NY 15 NY 252 Brighton–Henrietta Town Line Road CR 98 CR 84 in Rush Telephone Road NY 15 in Henrietta Rochester city line Elmwood Avenue in Brighton NY 96 / NY 441 Part west of I-590 was formerly part of NY 47 NY 251 in Rush Middle Road CR 39 in Henrietta Rochester city line Norton Street in Irondequoit NY 590 exit 9 CR 73 in Henrietta Tobin Road NY 65 in Pittsford CR 122 Titus Avenue in Irondequoit NY 590 NY 251 in Rush Pinnacle Road NY 252 in Henrietta CR 122 Pinegrove Avenue in Irondequoit Rochester city line Former number; road transferred to town in the 1990s NY 65 / Monroe Street (NY 940J) West Main Street in Honeoye Falls CR 63 at Honeoye Falls village line Rochester city line Seneca Park Avenue in Irondequoit CR 122 Former number; road transferred to town in the 1990s CR 39 Clay Road NY 252 Former number; part south of I-390 now part of CR 263 CR 122 in Irondequoit Lake Shore Boulevard and Pine Valley and Sweet Fern roads CR 120 in Rochester CR 92 in Henrietta Winton Road South Rochester city line Part north of CR 87 was formerly part of NY 47 Rochester city line Winton Road North NY 404 Formerly part of NY 47 CR 124 / Pattonwood Drive (NY 943F) Pattonwood Drive in Irondequoit CR 122 CR 85 South Clinton Avenue in Brighton Rochester city line

Routes 101–150