This is a list of parliamentary by-elections in the United Kingdom held between 1801 and 1806, with the names of the previous incumbent and the victor in the by-election.
In the absence of a comprehensive and reliable source for party and factional alignments in this period, no attempt is made to define them in this article. The House of Commons: 1790–1820 provides some guidance to the complex and shifting political relationships, but it is significant that the compilers of that work make no attempt to produce a definitive list of each member's allegiances.
Resignations
Where the cause of by-election is given as "resigned", this indicates that the incumbent was appointed on his own request to an "office of profit under the Crown". Offices used, in this period, were the Stewards of the Chiltern Hundreds or the Manor of East Hendred and the Escheators of Munster or Ulster. These appointments are made as a constitutional device for leaving the House of Commons, whose Members are not permitted to resign.
By-elections The c/u column denotes whether the by-election was a contested poll or an unopposed return. If the winner was re-elected, at the next general election and any intermediate by-elections, this is indicated by an * following the c or u. In a few cases the winner was elected at the next general election but had not been re-elected in a by-election after the one noted. In those cases no * symbol is used.
An incumbent who vacated a seat in the Irish Parliament, before the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland came into existence on 1 January 1801, has (IP) following their name. In two cases two member seats in the Parliament of Ireland were reduced to single member constituencies in the United Kingdom Parliament, with both old seats being vacant at the start of the union and a by-election having to be held to fill the vacancy for the new seat.
Where a seat was vacated, because the incumbent member inherited a peerage or was created a peer or was appointed to an office, click the highlighted cause for further details of the particular circumstances. If the by-election date is highlighted, this is a link to an article about the by-election.
1st Parliament (1801–1802)
Date Constituency c/u Former Incumbent Winner Cause 14 January 1801 Londonderry County u Earl of Tyrone (IP) Sir George Hill, Bt peerage 19 January 1801 Wicklow c Nicholas Westby (IP) George Ponsonby died 9 February 1801 Cambridge u* Robert Manners Robert Manners appointed 12 February 1801 Wilton u* Philip Goldsworthy John Spencer died 13 February 1801 Clonmel u* Stephen Moore (IP)John Dennis (IP) William Bagwell resigned 14 February 1801 Old Sarum u Sir George Yonge, Bt John Horne Tooke resigned 16 February 1801 Stamford u* The Earl of Carysfort Albemarle Bertie peerage 20 February 1801 Kinsale u William Rowley William Rowley appointed 20 February 1801 Wexford u Francis Leigh Ponsonby Tottenham resigned 21 February 1801 Northampton u* Spencer Perceval Spencer Perceval appointed 25 February 1801 Bramber u James Adams James Adams appointed 25 February 1801 Corfe Castle u* John Bond Nathaniel Bond resigned 25 February 1801 Devizes u* Henry Addington Henry Addington resigned 25 February 1801 Newtown u Sir Richard Worsley Sir Edward Law resigned 25 February 1801 Rye u* Lord Hawkesbury Lord Hawkesbury appointed 25 February 1801 Weymouth & Melcombe Regis u* William Garthshore William Garthshore appointed 27 February 1801 Totnes u The Lord Arden The Lord Arden appointed 28 February 1801 Dundalk u John Jocelyn (IP)John Stratton (IP) Isaac Corry resigned 2 March 1801 Armagh City u* Patrick Duigenan Patrick Duigenan appointed 2 March 1801 Kilkenny City u William Talbot Richard Archdall resigned 3 March 1801 Cambridgeshire u* Charles Philip Yorke Charles Philip Yorke appointed 4 March 1801 Rye u Robert Saunders-Dundas The Lord de Blaquiere resigned 5 March 1801 Kerry u* Maurice FitzGerald Maurice FitzGerald appointed 5 March 1801 Portarlington u Frederick Trench William Elliot peerage 6 March 1801 Oxfordshire u* Lord Charles Spencer Lord Francis Almeric Spencer appointed 10 March 1801 Banffshire u* Sir William Grant Sir William Grant resigned 10 March 1801 Galway Borough u St. George Daly John Brabazon Ponsonby appointed 21 March 1801 Carlow u Henry Sadleir Prittie Francis Aldborough Prittie peerage 21 March 1801 Devizes u* Henry Addington Henry Addington appointed 23 March 1801 Corfe Castle u* Nathaniel Bond Nathaniel Bond appointed 23 March 1801 Oxford University u* Francis Page Sir William Scott resigned 24 March 1801 Weobley u* Lord George Thynne Lord George Thynne appointed 25 March 1801 Downton u Sir William Scott Viscount Folkestone resigned 4 April 1801 Poole u* Charles Stuart George Garland died 9 April 1801 Callington u* Sir John Call John Inglett-Fortescue died 10 May 1801 Downpatrick u Clotworthy Rowley Samuel Campbell Rowley appointed 12 May 1801 Poole u* George Garland George Garland resigned 22 May 1801 Helston u Charles Abbot Charles Abbot appointed 30 May 1801 Weymouth & Melcombe Regis u* Andrew Stuart Charles Adams died 1 June 1801 Bath c* Sir Richard Pepper Arden John Palmer peerage 1 June 1801 Edinburghshire or Midlothian u* Robert Dundas Robert Saunders-Dundas appointed 9 June 1801 Lymington u Sir Harry Neale Sir Harry Neale appointed 15 June 1801 Banffshire u* Sir William Grant Sir William Grant appointed 6 July 1801 Plympton Erle u William Adams The Lord Glenbervie resigned 6 July 1801 Totnes u* Lord George Seymour William Adams resigned 16 July 1801 Sussex u* Thomas Pelham John Fuller peerage 30 July 1801 Carlow u* Francis Aldborough Prittie Charles Montagu Ormsby resigned 7 November 1801 Thirsk u* Sir Thomas Frankland William Frankland resigned 12 November 1801 Portsmouth u* Lord Hugh Seymour John Markham died 13 November 1801 Higham Ferrers u* Stephen Thurston Adey Francis Ferrand Foljambe died 19 November 1801 Nottinghamshire u* Evelyn Henry Frederick Pierrepont Charles Herbert Pierrepont died 21 November 1801 Dungannon u John Knox Sir Charles Hamilton died 23 November 1801 Bristol u* Charles Bragge Charles Bragge appointed 1 December 1801 Monaghan u* Warner William Westenra Charles Powell Leslie II peerage 9 December 1801 Cashel u Richard Bagwell John Bagwell resigned Queen's County u* Sir John Parnell William Wellesley-Pole died 5 January 1802 Aberdeen Burghs u* Alexander Allardyce James Farquhar died 8 January 1802 Cork City u* John Hely-Hutchinson Christopher Hely-Hutchinson peerage 12 January 1802 Haverfordwest u* The 1st Lord Kensington The 2nd Lord Kensington died 13 January 1802 Stirlingshire u* The Lord Keith Charles Elphinstone Fleeming peerage 22 February 1802 Heytesbury u The Viscount Clifden William Wickham peerage 26 February 1802 East Looe u Sir John Mitford James Buller peerage 1 March 1802 Tyrone u* Viscount Corry John Stewart peerage 10 March 1802 Haddington Burghs u* Robert Baird Thomas Maitland resigned 25 March 1802 Tavistock u* Lord John Russell Lord Robert Spencer peerage 29 March 1802 Petersfield u* William Jolliffe Hylton Jolliffe died 5 April 1802 Queen's County u Charles Henry Coote Henry Brooke Parnell peerage 19 April 1802 Northampton u* Spencer Perceval Spencer Perceval appointed 5 May 1802 Cambridgeshire c James Whorwood Adeane Sir Henry Peyton died 5 May 1802 Newtown u Sir Edward Law Ewan Law appointed 8 May 1802 Newark u* Thomas Manners-Sutton Thomas Manners-Sutton appointed
2nd Parliament (1802–1806)