Clara of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (16 November 1532 in Wolfenbüttel23 November 1595 at Herzberg Castle) was a princess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel by birth. She was abbess of the secular Gandersheim Abbey and later Duchess of Brunswick-Grubenhagen by marriage.
Life Clara was the youngest daughter of the Duke Henry II of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1489–1568) from his first marriage with Maria (1496–1541), daughter of the Earl Henry of Württemberg.
Abbess of Gandersheim At the urging of her father, Clara was elected abbess of Gandersheim Abbey after the death of her sister Maria. Since Clara was only 6 years old at the time, officials acting for her father administered the abbey in her name. It is unknown if the Pope ever confirmed Clara as abbess. In any case, she never took up the position.
In 1542, troops of the Schmalkaldic League occupied Gandersheim and forced the Abbey to convert to Lutheranism. The Chapter, however, practiced passive resistance and remained Catholic. In 1543, the abbey suffered from iconoclasm. In 1547, Clara's father declared her resignation from the office of abbess, returning to the lay state.
Duchess of Brunswick-Grubenhagen Clara married on 1 July 1560 in Wolfenbüttel with her cousin Duke Philip II of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (1533–1596).Pierre Hélyot: P. Hippolyt Helyots ausführliche Geschichte aller geistlichen und weltlichen Kloster-und Ritterorden führ beyderley Geschlecht, vol. 6, Arkstee and Merkus, 1755, p. 519 As dowry, her father gave her and half the jurisdiction and castle of Westerhof.Wilhelm Havemann: Geschichte der Lande Braunschweig und Lüneburg, vol. 2, Dieterich, 1855, p. 377 The marriage remained childless. After their marriage, the couple moved to Katlenburg Castle and converted it to a Renaissance château. Clara was responsible for the installation of numerous pharmacies and distilleries. She also designed the interior of the newly built church in Rotenkirchen.
When Clara's brother Julius inherited Wolfenbüttel in 1568, he also took possession of Westerhof. Clara sued him before the Aulic Council, but in 1580, Philip confirmed Juilius's ownership. Clara then sued Julius over the inheritance of her sister Margaret. The Aulic Council created an imperial commission to look into the matter. Julius, however, rejected the commission and filed a complaint at the Diet of Augsburg of 1582 about the illegal practices of his sister.
Clara and her court moved from Katlenburg Castle to Herzberg Castle. She died in 1595, after a long illness. The court preacher and superintendent Andreas Georg Leopold delivered her funeral sermon, which was also published in printed form.Georg Max: Geschichte des Fürstenthums Grubenhagen, Schmorl & Seefeld, 1863 S. 269 Clara was buried in the Aegidius Church in Osterode am Harz.
Ancestors
References Hans Goetting: Das Bistum Hildesheim, Walter de Gruyter, 1973, p. 121 ff Johann Samuel Ersch: Allgemeine encyclopädie der wissenschaften und künste, J. f. Gleditsch, 1847, part 3, vol. 23, p. 43 ff
External links
Clara von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel
Footnotes