Elbrus-2S+ () is a multi-core microprocessor based on the Elbrus 2000 architecture developed by Moscow Center of SPARC Technologies (MCST). There are multiple reports regarding the evolution of this technology for the purpose of import substitution in Russia, which was raised by several ministries in July 2014, due to economic sanctions in response to 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine. In December 2014, it was announced that Mikron Group started pilot production of a dual-core variant of this microprocessor called Elbrus-2SM () using a 90 nanometer CMOS manufacturing process in Zelenograd, Russia.

Technology The Elbrus-4S CPU uses a VLIW instruction set where it can perform up to 23 instructions per clock cycle and is reported to have support for Intel x86 emulation through a virtual machine. When programs are built for Elbrus 2000 native mode, the compiler determines how the different operations shall be distributed over the 23 computing units before saving the final program. This means that no dynamic scheduling is needed during runtime, thus reducing the amount of work the CPU has to perform every time a program is executed. Because static scheduling only needs to be performed one time when the program is built, more advanced algorithms for finding the optimal distribution of work can be employed.

Specifications Elbrus-2S+Specifications Elbrus-2C+ Elbrus-2SМSpecifications Elbrus-2SM Elbrus-4SSpecifications Elbrus-4CRussian designation 1891ВМ7Я 1891ВМ9Я 1891ВМ8Я Produced 2011 2014 2014 Process CMOS 90 nm CMOS 90 nm CMOS 65 nm Clock rate 500 MHz 300 MHz 800 MHz Elbrus 2000 CPU cores Elcore-09 DSP cores 2 4 2 0 4 0 Peak performance (CPU + DSP) 64-bit 64-bit 32-bit 32-bit 16-bit 20 + 2 GIPS 8 + 0 GFlops 33 + 16 GIPS 16 + 12 GFlops 43 + 48 GIPS 12 GIPS 4.8 GFlops 19.8 GIPS 9.6 GFlops

25 GFlops 107 GIPS 50 GFlops   L1 instruction cache (per core) 64 KB 64 KB 128 KB L1 data cache (per core) 64 KB 64 KB 64 KB L2 cache (per core) 1 MB 1 MB 8 MB DSP cache (per DSP core) 128 KB Data transfer rate to cache 16 GB/s Data transfer rate to main memory 12.8 GB/s 38.4 GB/s Communications number of channels for interprocessor communications channel bandwidth for interprocessor communications number of input-output channels channel bandwidth for input-output 3 4 GB/s 2 2 GB/s 3 12 GB/s 1 4 GB/s Crystal area 289 sq. mm 380 sq. mm Transistors 368 million >300 million 986 million Connection layers 9 9 Packing/pins HFCBGA/1296 HFCBGA/1600 Package size 37.5×37.5×2.5 mm 42.5×42.5×3.2 mm Voltage 1.0/1.8/2.5 V 1.2/1.8/ 2.5 V 1.1/1.5/2.5/3.3 V Power consumption ~25 W ~45 W Producer TSMC Taiwan Mikron Russia - In December 2014, JSC MCST, a developer of universal high-performance Russian microprocessors and computing systems, announces the launch of pilot production of compact motherboards "Monocube-M" based on the first domestic dual-core microprocessors "Elbrus-2SM", manufactured using 90 nm technology by JSC NIIME and Mikron, the largest manufacturer and exporter of microelectronics in Russia and the CIS, part of the RTI industry holding. Mikron Russia - In February 2014, Zelenograd's "Mikron" has manufactured test samples of microcircuits created using 65-nm technology. - Mikron provides contract manufacturing services for process standards from 90nm to 65nm with a focus on the following technologies. - Server INEUM Elbrus-4.4 1U based on the Elbrus-4S processors allows solving infrastructure tasks in a compact 1U case is designed for dense placement of infrastructure computing capacities. - Recommended retail price 560,000 RUB (without VAT).

South Bridge

The south bridge for the Elbrus 2000 chipset, which connects peripherals and bus to the CPU is developed by MCST. It is also compatible with the MCST-R1000. KPI 1991VG1YA 1026A010 Produced 2010 Process CMOS 0.13 μm Clock rate 250 MHz serial bus for communication with the microprocessor 1 GB/s – receiving, 1 GB/s – transmission PCI Express controller, revision 1.0a 8 lines PCI controller, version 2.3 32/64-bit at clock frequencies of 33/66 MHz Ethernet controller, 1 GB/s 1 port SATA 2.0 controller 4 ports IDE controller, PATA-100 2 ports for 2 devices USB 2.0 controller 2 ports audio interface controller, AC-97 2-channel stereo Serial controller, RS-232 and RS-485 2 ports Parallel interface controller, IEEE-1284 with DMA support 1 port Programmable universal input-output (GPIO) controller 16 signals I²C interface Channel 4 SPI Interface Supports for 4 devices Interrupt control subsystems 2 PIC + 1 IOAPIC Timers System timer and watchdog timer. Crystal area 112 sq. mm Transistors 30 million Packing/pins HFCBGA/1156 Package size 35×35×3.2 mm Voltage 1.2/3.3 V Power consumption ~6 W

Applications In December 2012, Kraftway announced that it will deliver an Elbrus based PC together with its partner MCST.

In August 2013, Kuyan, Gusev, Kozlov, Kaimuldenov and Kravtsunov from MCST has published an article based on their experience with building and deployment of Debian Linux for the Elbrus computer architecture. It was done using a hybrid compiler toolchain (cross and native), for Elbrus-2S+ and Intel Core 2 Duo.Experience of Building and Deployment Debian on Elbrus Architecture, Date obtained from creation date of pdf file

In December 2014, an implementation of the OpenGL 3.3 standard was demonstrated by running the game Doom 3 BFG Edition on an Elbrus-4S, clocked at 720 MHz, using a Radeon graphics card with 2 gigabytes of video memory.

In April 2015, MCST announced two new products based on the Elbrus-4S CPU: One 19-inch rack server with four CPUs (16 cores) and one personal computer.

In December 2015, the first shipment of PCs based on VLIW CPU Elbrus-4s was made in Russia.

In June 2024, the “Elbrus-2S3 (Эльбрус-2С3) microprocessor” has resurfaced on the Russian market. This is a nona-core("CPU-core×2" + "3D・GPU-core×1" + "2D・GPU-core×2" + "VPU-core×4") CPU manufactured with a 16nm process. This is the cut down version of the 16-core Elbrus-16S, which might also resurface at some point if there's enough market demand for this to make sense.

In September 2024, The MCST company presented “Elbrus-2S3 (Эльбрус-2С3) microprocessor” at the 10th anniversary Russian forum "Microelectronics 2024".

References

External links https://web.archive.org/web/20150317100907/http://www.mcst.ru/elbrus_2c_111101.shtml http://elbrus2k.wikidot.com/elbrus-2c